PMID- 25099499
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150720
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1432-5241 (Electronic)
IS  - 0364-216X (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 5
DP  - 2014 Oct
TI  - Lidocaine-induced ASC apoptosis (tumescent vs. local anesthesia).
PG  - 1017-23
LID - 10.1007/s00266-014-0387-2 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The purpose for the present study was to determine which anesthetic 
      method, local anesthesia versus tumescent, is superior for liposuction in terms 
      of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) survival in lipoaspirate; which component, 
      lidocaine versus lidocaine with epinephrine, in anesthetic solutions could affect 
      ASC survival; and which mechanism, necrosis versus apoptosis, is involved in 
      lidocaine-induced ASC death. METHODS: Human lipoaspirates were harvested using 
      standard liposuction technique. Individuals scheduled for liposuction on 
      bilateral body areas gave consent and were included in the study. On one area, 
      liposuction was conducted under local anesthesia with lidocaine/epinephrine. On 
      the contralateral area, liposuction was accomplished with tumescent wetting 
      solution containing lidocaine/epinephrine. Lipoaspirates were processed for the 
      isolation of stromal vascular fraction (SVF). ASC survival was determined by the 
      number of adherent ASCs after 24 h of SVF culture. Lidocaine dose-response (with 
      or without epinephrine) on cultured ASCs was examined. Lidocaine-induced ASC 
      apoptosis and necrosis was determined by Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide (PI) 
      assay and analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: All of the participants were 
      female adults. The average age was 45 +/- 4.0 years (+/-SEM) and the average BMI was 
      28 +/- 1.0 (+/-SEM). Lipoaspirate samples (n = 14) treated by local anesthesia (n = 
      7/group) or tumescent anesthesia (n = 7/group) were investigated. Liposuction 
      sites were located in the hip or thigh. The average number of adherent ASCs was 
      1,057 +/- 146 k in the local anesthesia group, which was significantly lower than 
      the 1,571 +/- 111 k found in the tumescent group (P = 0.01). ASC survival was 
      significantly lower in the lidocaine group and in a dose-dependent manner as 
      compared to the correspondent PBS controls (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). ASC survival 
      was significantly lower in both the lidocaine and lidocaine with epinephrine 
      groups when compared to PBS controls. Annexin/PI assay showed that ASC apoptosis 
      (but not necrosis) in the lidocaine group was significantly higher than that in 
      the corresponding PBS control (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Tumescent anesthesia is 
      the superior method for liposuction with respect to ASC preservation compared to 
      local anesthesia. Lidocaine could cause significant ASC apoptosis.
FAU - Wang, Wei Z
AU  - Wang WZ
AD  - Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nevada School 
      of Medicine, 2040 W. Charleston Blvd., Suite 301, Las Vegas, NV, 89102, USA, 
      wwang@medicine.nevada.edu.
FAU - Fang, Xin-Hua
AU  - Fang XH
FAU - Williams, Shelley J
AU  - Williams SJ
FAU - Stephenson, Linda L
AU  - Stephenson LL
FAU - Baynosa, Richard C
AU  - Baynosa RC
FAU - Khiabani, Kayvan T
AU  - Khiabani KT
FAU - Zamboni, William A
AU  - Zamboni WA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140807
PL  - United States
TA  - Aesthetic Plast Surg
JT  - Aesthetic plastic surgery
JID - 7701756
RN  - 0 (Anesthetics, Local)
RN  - 98PI200987 (Lidocaine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anesthesia, Local
MH  - Anesthetics, Local/*administration & dosage
MH  - Apoptosis/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Cell Survival/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lidocaine/*administration & dosage
MH  - Lipectomy
MH  - Middle Aged
EDAT- 2014/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2015/07/21 06:00
CRDT- 2014/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/06/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/07/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00266-014-0387-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2014 Oct;38(5):1017-23. doi: 10.1007/s00266-014-0387-2. 
      Epub 2014 Aug 7.