PMID- 25108741
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160527
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1741-3850 (Electronic)
IS  - 1741-3842 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 Sep
TI  - Electronic cigarettes: assessing the efficacy and the adverse effects through a 
      systematic review of published studies.
PG  - 488-97
LID - 10.1093/pubmed/fdu055 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: To investigate the efficacy and the adverse effects (AEs) of the 
      electronic cigarette, we performed a systematic review of published studies. 
      METHODS: We selected experimental and observational studies examining the 
      efficacy (as reduction of desire to smoke and/or number of cigarettes smoked 
      and/or quitting or as reduction of nicotine withdrawal symptoms) and the safety 
      of EC (AEs self-reported or clinical/laboratory). The following search engines 
      were used: PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. 
      RESULTS: Finally, six experimental studies and six cohort studies were included. 
      In the prospective 12-month, randomized controlled trial, smoking reduction was 
      documented in 22.3 and 10.3% at Weeks 12 and 52, respectively (P < 0.001 versus 
      baseline). Moreover, two cohort studies reported a reduction in the number of 
      cigarette/day (from 50 to 80%) after the introduction of the EC. 'Mouth and 
      throat irritation', 'nausea', 'headache' and 'dry cough' were the most frequently 
      AEs reported. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the EC can reduce the number of cigarettes 
      smoked and withdrawal symptoms, but the AEs reported are mainly related to a 
      short period of use. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the effects of the 
      EC usage after a chronic exposure.
CI  - (c) The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of 
      Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: 
      journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Gualano, Maria Rosaria
AU  - Gualano MR
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, 
      via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy.
FAU - Passi, Stefano
AU  - Passi S
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, 
      via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy.
FAU - Bert, Fabrizio
AU  - Bert F
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, 
      via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy.
FAU - La Torre, Giuseppe
AU  - La Torre G
AD  - Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 
      Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy.
FAU - Scaioli, Giacomo
AU  - Scaioli G
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, 
      via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy.
FAU - Siliquini, Roberta
AU  - Siliquini R
AD  - Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Torino, 
      via Santena 5/bis, Turin 10126, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20140809
PL  - England
TA  - J Public Health (Oxf)
JT  - Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
JID - 101188638
SB  - IM
MH  - Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/*adverse effects/psychology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Smoking/epidemiology/psychology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - e-cigarette
OT  - efficacy
OT  - electronic device
OT  - safety
OT  - smoking
OT  - tobacco
EDAT- 2014/08/12 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/28 06:00
CRDT- 2014/08/11 06:00
PHST- 2014/08/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - fdu055 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/pubmed/fdu055 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Public Health (Oxf). 2015 Sep;37(3):488-97. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdu055. Epub 
      2014 Aug 9.