PMID- 25115980
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150914
LR  - 20150202
IS  - 1097-0290 (Electronic)
IS  - 0006-3592 (Linking)
VI  - 112
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - Differentiation in the microbial ecology and activity of suspended and attached 
      bacteria in a nitritation-anammox process.
PG  - 272-9
LID - 10.1002/bit.25354 [doi]
AB  - A directed differentiation between the biofilm and suspension was observed in the 
      molecular microbial ecology and gene expression of different bacteria in a 
      biofilm nitritation-anammox process operated at varying hydraulic residence times 
      (HRT) and nitrogen loading rates (NLR). The highest degree of enrichment observed 
      in the biofilm was of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AMX) followed by that 
      of Nitrospira spp. related nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). For AMX, a major 
      shift from Candidatus "Brocadia fulgida" to Candidatus "Kuenenia stuttgartiensis" 
      in both suspension and biofilm was observed with progressively shorter HRT, using 
      discriminatory biomarkers targeting the hydrazine synthase (hzsA) gene. In 
      parallel, expression of the hydrazine oxidoreductase gene (hzo), a functional 
      biomarker for AMX energy metabolism, became progressively prominent in the 
      biofilm. A marginal but statistically significant enrichment in the biofilm was 
      observed for Nitrosomonas europaea related ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). In 
      direct contrast to AMX, the gene expression of ammonia monooxygenase subunit A 
      (amoA), a functional biomarker for AOB energy metabolism, progressively increased 
      in suspension. Using gene expression and biomass concentration measures in 
      conjunction, it was determined that signatures of AOB metabolism were primarily 
      present in the biofilm throughout the study. On the other hand, AMX metabolism 
      gradually shifted from being uniformly distributed in both the biofilm and 
      suspension to primarily the biofilm at shorter HRTs and higher NLRs. These 
      results therefore highlight the complexity and key differences in the microbial 
      ecology, gene expression and activity between the biofilm and suspension of a 
      nitritation-anammox process and the biokinetic and metabolic drivers for such 
      niche segregation.
CI  - (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Park, Hongkeun
AU  - Park H
AD  - Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 
      120th Street, New York, NY, 10027.
FAU - Sundar, Suneethi
AU  - Sundar S
FAU - Ma, Yiwei
AU  - Ma Y
FAU - Chandran, Kartik
AU  - Chandran K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20140918
PL  - United States
TA  - Biotechnol Bioeng
JT  - Biotechnology and bioengineering
JID - 7502021
RN  - 0 (Nitrites)
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
RN  - N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Ammonia/*metabolism
MH  - Bacteria/classification/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Biofilms
MH  - Bioreactors/*microbiology
MH  - Nitrification
MH  - Nitrites/*metabolism
MH  - Nitrogen/*metabolism
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anammox
OT  - biofilm
OT  - gene expression
OT  - microbial ecology
OT  - nitrification
OT  - nitritation
EDAT- 2014/08/15 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/15 06:00
CRDT- 2014/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/07/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/08/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/bit.25354 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biotechnol Bioeng. 2015 Feb;112(2):272-9. doi: 10.1002/bit.25354. Epub 2014 Sep 
      18.