PMID- 25199912 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150417 LR - 20220330 IS - 1758-535X (Electronic) IS - 1079-5006 (Print) IS - 1079-5006 (Linking) VI - 70 IP - 3 DP - 2015 Mar TI - Comparative effects of light or heavy resistance power training for improving lower extremity power and physical performance in mobility-limited older adults. PG - 374-80 LID - 10.1093/gerona/glu156 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: We compared the effects of two uniquely different lower extremity power training interventions on changes in muscle power, physical performance, neuromuscular activation, and muscle cross sectional area in mobility-limited older adults. METHODS: Fifty-two subjects (78+/-5 years, short physical performance battery score: 8.1+/-1) were randomized to either 16 weeks of progressive high velocity resistance training performed at low external resistance (40% of the 1-repetition maximum [1-RM] [LO]) or high external resistance (70% of 1RM [HI]). Both groups completed three sets of leg and knee extension exercises at maximum voluntary velocity, two times per week. Neuromuscular activation was assessed using surface electromyography and muscle cross sectional area (CSA) was measured using computed tomography. RESULTS: At 16 weeks, LO and HI exhibited significant and similar within-group increases of leg extensor peak power (~34% vs ~42%), strength (~13% vs ~19%), and SPPB score (1.4+/-0.3 vs 1.8+/-0.3 units), respectively (all P < .03). Improvements in neuromuscular activation occurred in LO (P = .03) while small gains in mid-thigh muscle CSA were detected in LO (1.6%, P = .35) and HI (2.1%, P = .17). No significant between-group differences were evident for any measured parameters (all P > .25). CONCLUSIONS: High velocity resistance training with low external resistance yields similar improvements in muscle power and physical performance compared to training with high external resistance in mobility-limited elders. These findings may have important implications for optimizing exercise interventions for older adults with mobility limitations. CI - (c) The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Reid, Kieran F AU - Reid KF AD - Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. FAU - Martin, Kimberly I AU - Martin KI AD - Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Doros, Gheorghe AU - Doros G AD - Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Massachusetts. FAU - Clark, David J AU - Clark DJ AD - Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center and Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville. FAU - Hau, Cynthia AU - Hau C AD - Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Patten, Carolynn AU - Patten C AD - Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center and Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. FAU - Phillips, Edward M AU - Phillips EM AD - Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Frontera, Walter R AU - Frontera WR AD - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. FAU - Fielding, Roger A AU - Fielding RA AD - Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. roger.fielding@tufts.edu. LA - eng GR - AG18844/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AG028740/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - 1R24HD065688-01A1/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - 1P30AG031679/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 AG018844/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - P30 AG031679/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. DEP - 20140908 PL - United States TA - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci JT - The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences JID - 9502837 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - Electromyography MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Isometric Contraction/physiology MH - *Lower Extremity MH - Male MH - *Mobility Limitation MH - Muscle Strength/*physiology MH - Quadriceps Muscle/diagnostic imaging/pathology/physiopathology MH - *Resistance Training MH - Single-Blind Method MH - Tomography, X-Ray Computed PMC - PMC4351393 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Mobility limitations OT - exercise interventions OT - high-velocity resistance training. OT - muscle power EDAT- 2014/09/10 06:00 MHDA- 2015/04/18 06:00 PMCR- 2016/03/01 CRDT- 2014/09/10 06:00 PHST- 2014/09/10 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/09/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/04/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2016/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - glu156 [pii] AID - 10.1093/gerona/glu156 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015 Mar;70(3):374-80. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glu156. Epub 2014 Sep 8.