PMID- 25205638
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160429
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1097-6817 (Electronic)
IS  - 0194-5998 (Linking)
VI  - 151
IP  - 5
DP  - 2014 Nov
TI  - Low expression of nuclear Toll-like receptor 4 in laryngeal papillomas 
      transforming into squamous cell carcinoma.
PG  - 785-90
LID - 10.1177/0194599814549730 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: The malignant transformation rate of recurrent respiratory 
      papillomatosis (RRP), a disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), has varied 
      significantly. Cells of the human immune system express toll-like receptors 
      (TLRs) that recognize particles from viruses and bacteria; TLRs are also present 
      on tumor cells, and down-regulation of TLRs has been shown during the progression 
      of HPV-associated neoplasia. The aim of this study was to determine the malignant 
      transformation rate of laryngeal papillomas (LPs) and analyze the potential of 
      TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 immunoexpression as indicators of the increased cancer risk. 
      STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. SETTING: Department of 
      Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, 
      University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We reviewed all 
      patients with RRP treated for LPs between 1975 and 2011. Data from the Finnish 
      Cancer Registry confirmed the number of patients diagnosed with laryngeal 
      squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Laryngeal tissue specimens from patients 
      developing LSCC were subjected to TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 immunohistochemistry. Nine 
      patients with RRP without malignant transformation and 19 patients with LSCC 
      without a pre-existing LP served as controls. RESULTS: Nine of 324 patients 
      (2.8%) with RRP developed LSCC. The intensity of nuclear staining of TLR4 was 
      significantly lower in LPs transforming into LSCC than in LPs without malignant 
      transformation. The expression of cytoplasmic TLR4 in LSCC correlated with tumor 
      grade and T stage. Cytoplasmic TLR9 expression was significantly lower in LPs 
      than in LSCC. CONCLUSION: The expression of TLR4 may serve as a predictive marker 
      of malignant transformation in LPs. High immunoexpression of cytoplasmic TLR4 in 
      LSCC was associated with a more aggressive disease.
CI  - (c) American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation 2014.
FAU - Ilmarinen, Taru
AU  - Ilmarinen T
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University 
      Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland taru.ilmarinen@helsinki.fi.
FAU - Hagstrom, Jaana
AU  - Hagstrom J
AD  - Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University Hospital, 
      University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Helsinki University Hospital 
      Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 
      Finland.
FAU - Haglund, Caj
AU  - Haglund C
AD  - Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute, Helsinki University Hospital, 
      University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Surgery, Helsinki 
      University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Auvinen, Eeva
AU  - Auvinen E
AD  - Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, Helsinki University Hospital, University 
      of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, 
      Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Leivo, Ilmo
AU  - Leivo I
AD  - Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, 
      Finland.
FAU - Pitkaranta, Anne
AU  - Pitkaranta A
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University 
      Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
FAU - Aaltonen, Leena-Maija
AU  - Aaltonen LM
AD  - Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University 
      Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140909
PL  - England
TA  - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
JT  - Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of 
      Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
JID - 8508176
RN  - 0 (TLR4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptor 4)
RN  - Laryngeal papillomatosis
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*pathology
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Cell Nucleus
MH  - *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
MH  - Female
MH  - Head and Neck Neoplasms/*pathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Laryngeal Neoplasms/metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Papilloma/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
MH  - Toll-Like Receptor 4/*biosynthesis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - human papillomavirus
OT  - laryngeal papilloma
OT  - malignant transformation
OT  - recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
OT  - squamous cell carcinoma
OT  - toll-like receptor
EDAT- 2014/09/11 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/30 06:00
CRDT- 2014/09/11 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/09/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 0194599814549730 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/0194599814549730 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 Nov;151(5):785-90. doi: 
      10.1177/0194599814549730. Epub 2014 Sep 9.