PMID- 25209841
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150709
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1600-0404 (Electronic)
IS  - 0001-6314 (Print)
IS  - 0001-6314 (Linking)
VI  - 130
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Dec
TI  - Relationship and factor structure in multisystem neurodegeneration in Parkinson's 
      disease.
PG  - 347-53
LID - 10.1111/ane.12273 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multisystem neurodegenerative disease. 
      We aimed to identify the relationship and factor structure among its different 
      features. MATERIALS & METHODS: Motor, olfactory and cognitive function, and 
      cardiac sympathetic denervation were evaluated in 125 patients with PD using the 
      Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III score, odor stick 
      identification test for the Japanese (OSIT-J), Mini-Mental State Examination 
      (MMSE), and [(123) I] meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy 
      (heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratio). Pearson's correlation and multiple regression 
      analysis were used to evaluate the association among the four measures with age, 
      gender, and disease duration as the covariates. Exploratory factor analysis was 
      used to identify the underlying factor structure among the measures and 
      covariates. RESULTS: Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis 
      showed correlations between OSIT-J score and MIBG H/M ratio, OSIT-J and MMSE 
      scores, UPDRS part III score and MIBG H/M ratio, UPDRS part III score and disease 
      duration, and MMSE score and age. Factor analysis identified three factors: (i) 
      age and MMSE score; (ii) MIBG H/M ratio and OSIT-J score; and (iii) UPDRS part 
      III score and disease duration. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that aging, 
      PD-related pathogenesis, and disease duration underlie the multisystem 
      neurodegeneration present in PD. Moreover, age and disease duration are the major 
      risk factors for cognitive impairment and motor symptoms, respectively. Olfactory 
      impairment and cardiac sympathetic denervation are strongly associated in PD.
CI  - (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Hattori, T
AU  - Hattori T
AD  - Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical 
      and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Kanto Central 
      Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of 
      Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 
      USA.
FAU - Orimo, S
AU  - Orimo S
FAU - Hallett, M
AU  - Hallett M
FAU - Wu, T
AU  - Wu T
FAU - Inaba, A
AU  - Inaba A
FAU - Azuma, R
AU  - Azuma R
FAU - Mizusawa, H
AU  - Mizusawa H
LA  - eng
GR  - Z99 NS999999/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140911
PL  - Denmark
TA  - Acta Neurol Scand
JT  - Acta neurologica Scandinavica
JID - 0370336
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Age of Onset
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cognition Disorders/diagnosis
MH  - Factor Analysis, Statistical
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Parkinson Disease/*complications/*physiopathology
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
PMC - PMC4208945
MID - NIHMS604578
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Parkinson's disease
OT  - cardiac sympathetic degeneration
OT  - cognitive impairment
OT  - factor analysis
OT  - olfactory impairment
OT  - relationship
COIS- Conflict of Interest The authors have no conflict of interest to report.
EDAT- 2014/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2015/07/15 06:00
PMCR- 2015/12/01
CRDT- 2014/09/12 06:00
PHST- 2014/06/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/09/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1111/ane.12273 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Neurol Scand. 2014 Dec;130(6):347-53. doi: 10.1111/ane.12273. Epub 2014 Sep 
      11.