PMID- 25212520
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150302
LR  - 20150102
IS  - 1538-6724 (Electronic)
IS  - 0031-9023 (Linking)
VI  - 95
IP  - 1
DP  - 2015 Jan
TI  - Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation attenuates postsurgical allodynia and 
      suppresses spinal substance P and proinflammatory cytokine release in rats.
PG  - 76-85
LID - 10.2522/ptj.20130306 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is often used for 
      management of chronic pain. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to 
      investigate whether TENS altered postincisional allodynia, substance P, and 
      proinflammatory cytokines in a rat model of skin-muscle incision and retraction 
      (SMIR). DESIGN: This was an experimental study. METHODS: High-frequency (100-Hz) 
      TENS therapy began on postoperative day 3 and was administered for 20 minutes 
      daily to SMIR-operated rats by self-adhesive electrodes delivered to skin 
      innervated via the ipsilateral dorsal rami of lumbar spinal nerves L1-L6 for the 
      next 27 days. The expressions of substance P, tumor necrosis factor alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in the spinal cord 
      and mechanical sensitivity to von Frey stimuli (4g and 10g) were evaluated. 
      RESULTS: The SMIR-operated rats displayed a marked hypersensitivity to von Frey 
      stimuli on postoperative day 3. In contrast to the SMIR-operated rats, 
      SMIR-operated rats after TENS administration showed a quick recovery of 
      mechanical hypersensitivity. On postoperative days 3, 16, and 30, SMIR-operated 
      rats exhibited an upregulation of substance P and cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and 
      IL-1beta) in the spinal cord, whereas SMIR-operated rats after TENS therapy 
      inhibited that upregulation. By contrast, the placebo TENS following SMIR surgery 
      did not alter mechanical hypersensitivity and the levels of spinal substance P, 
      TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta. LIMITATIONS: The experimental data are limited to animal 
      models and cannot be generalized to postoperative pain in humans. CONCLUSIONS: 
      The results revealed that TENS attenuates prolonged postoperative allodynia 
      following SMIR surgery. Increased levels of spinal substance P and 
      proinflammatory cytokines, activated after SMIR surgery, are important in the 
      processing of persistent postsurgical allodynia. The protective effect of TENS 
      may be related to the suppression of spinal substance P and proinflammatory 
      cytokines in SMIR-operated rats.
CI  - (c) 2015 American Physical Therapy Association.
FAU - Chen, Yu-Wen
AU  - Chen YW
AD  - Y-W. Chen, PhD, Department of Physical Therapy, China Medical University, 
      Taichung, Taiwan, and Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 
      Tainan, Taiwan.
FAU - Tzeng, Jann-Inn
AU  - Tzeng JI
AD  - J-I. Tzeng, MD, MS, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Chia Nan 
      University of Pharmacy and Science, Jen-Te, Tainan City, Taiwan, and Department 
      of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan.
FAU - Lin, Min-Fei
AU  - Lin MF
AD  - M-F. Lin, MS, Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, 
      Tainan, Taiwan.
FAU - Hung, Ching-Hsia
AU  - Hung CH
AD  - C-H. Hung, PhD, Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, 
      No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, Tainan, Taiwan. chhung@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
FAU - Wang, Jhi-Joung
AU  - Wang JJ
AD  - J-J. Wang, PhD, MD, Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, 
      Tainan, Taiwan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140911
PL  - United States
TA  - Phys Ther
JT  - Physical therapy
JID - 0022623
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 33507-63-0 (Substance P)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/*metabolism
MH  - Hyperalgesia/prevention & control
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Animal
MH  - Pain, Postoperative/*prevention & control
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Spinal Cord/metabolism
MH  - Substance P/*metabolism
MH  - *Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
MH  - Up-Regulation
EDAT- 2014/09/13 06:00
MHDA- 2015/03/03 06:00
CRDT- 2014/09/13 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/09/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/03/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - ptj.20130306 [pii]
AID - 10.2522/ptj.20130306 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Phys Ther. 2015 Jan;95(1):76-85. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20130306. Epub 2014 Sep 11.