PMID- 25230092
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150824
LR  - 20141015
IS  - 1364-5528 (Electronic)
IS  - 0003-2654 (Linking)
VI  - 139
IP  - 22
DP  - 2014 Nov 21
TI  - Fabrication and laser patterning of polystyrene optical oxygen sensor films for 
      lab-on-a-chip applications.
PG  - 5718-27
LID - 10.1039/c4an00765d [doi]
AB  - We present a novel and simple method for patterning oxygen-sensitive polystyrene 
      thin films and demonstrate its potential for integration with microfluidic 
      lab-on-a-chip devices. Optical oxygen sensing films composed of polystyrene with 
      an embedded luminescent oxygen-sensitive dye present a convenient option for the 
      measurement of oxygen levels in microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices; however, 
      patterning and integrating the films with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) 
      microfluidic devices has proven difficult due to a residue after dry etch 
      patterning that inhibits subsequent PDMS bonding. Our new method uses mask-less 
      laser ablation by a commercial laser ablation system to define the outline of the 
      structures and subsequent bulk film removal by aqueous lift-off. Because the bulk 
      film is peeled or lifted off of the substrate rather than etched, the process is 
      compatible with standard PDMS plasma bonding. We used ToF-SIMS analysis to 
      investigate how laser ablation facilitates this fabrication process as well as 
      why dry etching polystyrene inhibits PDMS plasma bonding. The results of this 
      analysis showed evidence of chemical species formed during the laser ablation and 
      dry etching processes that can produce these effects. Our new method's mask-less 
      nature, simplicity, speed, and compatibility with PDMS bonding make it ideally 
      suited for single-use lab-on-a-chip applications. To demonstrate the method's 
      compatibility with PDMS microfluidics, we also present a demonstration of the 
      sensors' integration into a microfluidic oxygen gradient generator device.
FAU - Grist, S M
AU  - Grist SM
AD  - The University of British Columbia, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2332 
      Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada. sgrist@ece.ubc.ca.
FAU - Oyunerdene, N
AU  - Oyunerdene N
FAU - Flueckiger, J
AU  - Flueckiger J
FAU - Kim, J
AU  - Kim J
FAU - Wong, P C
AU  - Wong PC
FAU - Chrostowski, L
AU  - Chrostowski L
FAU - Cheung, K C
AU  - Cheung KC
LA  - eng
GR  - Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Analyst
JT  - The Analyst
JID - 0372652
RN  - 0 (Polystyrenes)
RN  - S88TT14065 (Oxygen)
SB  - IM
MH  - Calibration
MH  - *Lab-On-A-Chip Devices
MH  - Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Microfluidics
MH  - Oxygen/*chemistry
MH  - Polystyrenes/*chemistry
EDAT- 2014/09/18 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/25 06:00
CRDT- 2014/09/18 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/09/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1039/c4an00765d [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Analyst. 2014 Nov 21;139(22):5718-27. doi: 10.1039/c4an00765d.