PMID- 25240926
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150527
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1873-376X (Electronic)
IS  - 1570-0232 (Linking)
VI  - 970
DP  - 2014 Nov 1
TI  - Double-salting out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) HPLC method for 
      estimation of temozolomide from biological samples.
PG  - 86-94
LID - S1570-0232(14)00127-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.031 [doi]
AB  - The role of temozolomide (TMZ) in treatment of high grade gliomas, melanomas and 
      other malignancies is being defined by the current clinical developmental trials. 
      Temozolomide belongs to the group of alkylating agents and is prescribed to 
      patients suffering from most aggressive forms of brain tumors. The estimation 
      techniques for temozolomide from the extracted plasma or biological samples 
      includes high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV), 
      micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MKEC) and liquid chromatography 
      coupled to mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). These methods suffer from disadvantages 
      like low resolution, low sensitivity, low recovery or cost involvement. An 
      analytical method possessing capacity to estimate low quantities of TMZ in plasma 
      samples with high extraction efficiency (%) and high resolution with cost 
      effectiveness needs to be developed. Cost effective, robust and low plasma 
      component interfering HPLC method using salting out liquid-liquid extraction 
      (SALLE) technique was developed and validated for estimation of drug from plasma 
      samples. The extraction efficiency (%) with conventional LLE technique with 
      methanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and acetonitrile was found to be 
      5.99+/-2.45, 45.39+/-4.56, 46.04+/-1.14 and 46.23+/-3.67 respectively. Extraction 
      efficiency (%) improved with SALLE where sodium chloride was used as an 
      electrolyte and was found to be 6.80+/-5.56, 52.01+/-3.13, 62.69+/-2.11 and 69.20+/-1.18 
      with methanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and acetonitrile as organic 
      solvent. Upon utilization of two salts for extraction (double salting 
      liquid-liquid extraction) the extraction efficiency (%) was further improved and 
      was twice of LLE. It was found that double salting liquid-liquid extraction 
      technique yielded extraction efficiency (%) of 11.71+/-5.66, 55.62+/-3.44, 77.28+/-2.89 
      and 87.75+/-0.89. Hence a method based on double SALLE was developed for 
      quantification of TMZ demonstrating linearity in the range of 0.47-20 mug/ml. The 
      LOQ and LOD for the developed method were 0.4 mug/ml and 0.1 mug/ml, respectively. 
      Thus, plasma non-interfering SALLE-HPLC method that is precise, robust, accurate, 
      specific and cost effective for estimation of temozolomide from plasma samples 
      was developed and validated.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Jain, Darshana
AU  - Jain D
AD  - C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T. Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, 
      Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
FAU - Athawale, Rajani
AU  - Athawale R
AD  - C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T. Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, 
      Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India. Electronic address: 
      rajani.athawale@gmail.com.
FAU - Bajaj, Amrita
AU  - Bajaj A
AD  - Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, SVKM's, Vileparle, Mumbai 400 056, 
      India.
FAU - Shrikhande, Shruti
AU  - Shrikhande S
AD  - C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, S.N.D.T. Women's University, Juhu Tara Road, 
      Santacruz (West), Mumbai 400 049, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140228
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
JT  - Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life 
      sciences
JID - 101139554
RN  - 0 (Acetonitriles)
RN  - 0 (Sulfates)
RN  - 1K573LC5TV (potassium sulfate)
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
RN  - 7GR28W0FJI (Dacarbazine)
RN  - YF1K15M17Y (Temozolomide)
RN  - Z072SB282N (acetonitrile)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetonitriles
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods
MH  - Dacarbazine/*analogs & derivatives/blood/chemistry/isolation & purification
MH  - Humans
MH  - Linear Models
MH  - Liquid-Liquid Extraction/*methods
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Sodium Chloride
MH  - Sulfates
MH  - Temozolomide
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HPLC
OT  - SALLE
OT  - Salting out
OT  - Temozolomide
OT  - Validation
EDAT- 2014/09/23 06:00
MHDA- 2015/05/28 06:00
CRDT- 2014/09/22 06:00
PHST- 2013/08/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/02/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/02/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/09/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/09/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/05/28 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1570-0232(14)00127-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.031 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2014 Nov 1;970:86-94. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.031. Epub 2014 Feb 28.