PMID- 25277744
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141021
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2049-3614 (Print)
IS  - 2049-3614 (Electronic)
IS  - 2049-3614 (Linking)
VI  - 3
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014 Dec
TI  - On the role of gallbladder emptying and incretin hormones for nutrient-mediated 
      TSH suppression in patients with type 2 diabetes.
PG  - 193-9
LID - 10.1530/EC-14-0088 [doi]
AB  - Bile acids are possible candidate agents in newly identified pathways through 
      which energy expenditure may be regulated. Preclinical studies suggest that bile 
      acids activate the enzyme type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase, which deiodinates 
      thyroxine (T4) to the biologically active triiodothyronine (T3). We aimed to 
      evaluate the influence of bile acid exposure and incretin hormones on thyroid 
      function parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. Thyroid-stimulating hormone 
      (TSH) and thyroid hormones (total T3 and free T4) were measured in plasma from 
      two human studies: i) 75 g-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and three 
      isocaloric (500 kcal) and isovolaemic (350 ml) liquid meals with increasing fat 
      content with concomitant ultrasonographic evaluation of gallbladder emptying in 
      15 patients with type 2 diabetes and 15 healthy age, gender and BMI-matched 
      controls (meal-study) and ii) 50 g-OGTT and isoglycaemic intravenous glucose 
      infusions (IIGI) alone or in combination with glucose-dependent insulinotropic 
      polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and/or GLP2, in ten patients 
      with type 2 diabetes (IIGI-study). In both studies, TSH levels declined (P<0.01) 
      similarly following all meal and infusion stimuli. T3 and T4 concentrations did 
      not change in response to any of the applied stimuli. TSH levels declined 
      independently of the degree of gallbladder emptying (meal-study), route of 
      nutrient administration and infusion of gut hormones. In conclusion, intestinal 
      bile flow and i.v. infusions of the gut hormones, GIP, GLP1 and/or GLP2, do not 
      seem to affect thyroid function parameters. Thus, the presence of a 
      'gut-thyroid-pituitary' axis seems questionable.
CI  - (c) 2014 The authors.
FAU - Sonne, David P
AU  - Sonne DP
AD  - Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark 
      Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark 
      dpsonne@gmail.com.
FAU - Lund, Asger
AU  - Lund A
AD  - Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark 
      Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
FAU - Faber, Jens
AU  - Faber J
AD  - Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
FAU - Holst, Jens J
AU  - Holst JJ
AD  - Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
FAU - Vilsboll, Tina
AU  - Vilsboll T
AD  - Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark 
      Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
FAU - Knop, Filip K
AU  - Knop FK
AD  - Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark 
      Department of MedicineCenter for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University 
      of Copenhagen, Kildegardsvej 28, DK-2900 Hellerup, DenmarkDepartment of 
      Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The NNF Center for 
      Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment 
      of EndocrinologyHerlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20141002
PL  - England
TA  - Endocr Connect
JT  - Endocrine connections
JID - 101598413
PMC - PMC4201783
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GLP1
OT  - TGR5
OT  - TSH
OT  - bile acids
OT  - gallbladder
OT  - glucagon-like peptide 1
OT  - thyroid
OT  - thyroid-stimulating hormone
OT  - type 2 diabetes
EDAT- 2014/10/04 06:00
MHDA- 2014/10/04 06:01
PMCR- 2014/10/18
CRDT- 2014/10/04 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/10/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/10/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - EC-14-0088 [pii]
AID - EC140088 [pii]
AID - 10.1530/EC-14-0088 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Endocr Connect. 2014 Dec;3(4):193-9. doi: 10.1530/EC-14-0088. Epub 2014 Oct 2.