PMID- 25285331
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 2329-6488 (Print)
IS  - 2329-6488 (Linking)
VI  - Suppl 1
DP  - 2013 Dec 12
TI  - Amygdala Volume in Offspring from Multiplex for Alcohol Dependence Families: The 
      Moderating Influence of Childhood Environment and 5-HTTLPR Variation.
LID - 001 [pii]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The increased susceptibility for developing alcohol dependence seen 
      in offspring from families with alcohol dependence may be related to structural 
      and functional differences in brain circuits that influence emotional processing. 
      Early childhood environment, genetic variation in the serotonin 
      transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) of the SLCA4 gene and allelic 
      variation in the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene have each been 
      reported to be related to volumetric differences in the temporal lobe especially 
      the amygdala. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain amygdala 
      volumes for 129 adolescent/young adult individuals who were either High-Risk (HR) 
      offspring from families with multiple cases of alcohol dependence (N=71) or 
      Low-Risk (LR) controls (N=58). Childhood family environment was measured 
      prospectively using age-appropriate versions of the Family Environment Scale 
      during a longitudinal follow-up study. The subjects were genotyped for 
      Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val66Met and the serotonin transporter 
      polymorphism (5-HTTLPR). Two family environment scale scores (Cohesion and 
      Conflict), genotypic variation, and their interaction were tested for their 
      association with amygdala volumes. Personal and prenatal exposure to alcohol and 
      drugs were considered in statistical analyses in order to more accurately 
      determine the effects of familial risk group differences. RESULTS: Amygdala 
      volume was reduced in offspring from families with multiple alcohol dependent 
      members in comparison to offspring from control families. High-Risk offspring who 
      were carriers of the S variant of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism had reduced amygdala 
      volume in comparison to those with an LL genotype. Larger amygdala volume was 
      associated with greater family cohesion but only in Low-Risk control offspring. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Familial risk for alcohol dependence is an important predictor of 
      amygdala volume even when removing cases with significant personal exposure and 
      covarying for prenatal exposure effects. The present study provides new evidence 
      that amygdala volume is modified by 5-HTTLPR variation in High-Risk families.
FAU - Hill, Shirley Y
AU  - Hill SY
FAU - Wang, Shuhui
AU  - Wang S
FAU - Carter, Howard
AU  - Carter H
FAU - McDermott, Michael D
AU  - McDermott MD
FAU - Zezza, Nicholas
AU  - Zezza N
FAU - Stiffler, Scott
AU  - Stiffler S
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AA005909/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AA008082/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AA015168/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AA018289/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Alcohol Drug Depend
JT  - Journal of alcoholism and drug dependence
JID - 101608872
PMC - PMC4183218
MID - NIHMS569882
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 5-HTTLPR
OT  - Alcohol Dependence
OT  - Amygdala
OT  - BDNF
OT  - Childhood
OT  - Environment
OT  - High-Risk
EDAT- 2014/10/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/10/07 06:01
PMCR- 2014/10/02
CRDT- 2014/10/07 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/10/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/10/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 001 [pii]
AID - 10.4172/2329-6488.S1-001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Alcohol Drug Depend. 2013 Dec 12;Suppl 1:001. doi: 10.4172/2329-6488.S1-001.