PMID- 25303286
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150629
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 10
DP  - 2014
TI  - 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging to detect cortical pathology in multiple 
      sclerosis.
PG  - e108863
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0108863 [doi]
LID - e108863
AB  - BACKGROUND: Neocortical lesions (NLs) are an important pathological component of 
      multiple sclerosis (MS), but their visualization by magnetic resonance imaging 
      (MRI) remains challenging. OBJECTIVES: We aimed at assessing the sensitivity of 
      multi echo gradient echo (ME-GRE) T2*-weighted MRI at 7.0 Tesla in depicting NLs 
      compared to myelin and iron staining. METHODS: Samples from two MS patients were 
      imaged post mortem using a whole body 7 T MRI scanner with a 24-channel 
      receive-only array. Isotropic 200 micron resolution images with varying T2* 
      weighting were reconstructed from the ME-GRE data and converted into R2* maps. 
      Immunohistochemical staining for myelin (proteolipid protein, PLP) and 
      diaminobenzidine-enhanced Turnbull blue staining for iron were performed. 
      RESULTS: Prospective and retrospective sensitivities of MRI for the detection of 
      NLs were 48% and 67% respectively. We observed MRI maps detecting only a small 
      portion of 20 subpial NLs extending over large cortical areas on PLP stainings. 
      No MRI signal changes suggestive of iron accumulation in NLs were observed. 
      Conversely, R2* maps indicated iron loss in NLs, which was confirmed by 
      histological quantification. CONCLUSIONS: High-resolution post mortem imaging 
      using R2* and magnitude maps permits detection of focal NLs. However, disclosing 
      extensive subpial demyelination with MRI remains challenging.
FAU - Yao, Bing
AU  - Yao B
AD  - Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Section, Laboratory of Functional and 
      Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, 
      Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America; Center for Neuroimaging Research, 
      Kessler Foundation, West Orange, New Jersey, United States of America.
FAU - Hametner, Simon
AU  - Hametner S
AD  - Center for Brain Research, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.
FAU - van Gelderen, Peter
AU  - van Gelderen P
AD  - Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Section, Laboratory of Functional and 
      Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, 
      Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
FAU - Merkle, Hellmuth
AU  - Merkle H
AD  - Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Section, Laboratory of Functional and 
      Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, 
      Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
FAU - Chen, Christina
AU  - Chen C
AD  - Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 
      NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
FAU - Lassmann, Hans
AU  - Lassmann H
AD  - Center for Brain Research, Medical University, Vienna, Austria.
FAU - Duyn, Jeff H
AU  - Duyn JH
AD  - Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Section, Laboratory of Functional and 
      Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, 
      Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
FAU - Bagnato, Francesca
AU  - Bagnato F
AD  - Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 
      NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America; Department of Radiology and 
      Radiological Science, Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, 
      Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
LA  - eng
GR  - Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141010
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Multiple Sclerosis/*pathology
MH  - Neocortex/*pathology
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Retrospective Studies
PMC - PMC4193749
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/10/11 06:00
MHDA- 2015/06/30 06:00
PMCR- 2014/10/10
CRDT- 2014/10/11 06:00
PHST- 2014/03/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/08/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/10/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/06/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/10/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-11677 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0108863 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Oct 10;9(10):e108863. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108863. 
      eCollection 2014.