PMID- 25319267 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150624 LR - 20161125 IS - 1744-8360 (Electronic) IS - 1473-7175 (Linking) VI - 14 IP - 11 DP - 2014 Nov TI - Post-stroke recovery: the role of activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. PG - 1335-44 LID - 10.1586/14737175.2014.969242 [doi] AB - Stroke remains the leading cause of long-term disability with no pharmacological approaches available to limit the degree of damage or aid in recovery. Considerable effort has been made to minimize neuronal damage using neuroprotective compounds. However, attempts have so far failed to translate into the clinic. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase type B are actively produced throughout the brain and are involved in regulating neuronal activity and normal day-to-day function. Further, BDNF has been shown to play a role in both protection and recovery of functions after stroke. This review focuses on the endogenous release of BDNF as well as activity-induced (pharmacological and physical) elevation in BDNF, and the role this plays during both acute (hours to days) and subacute (days to weeks) periods after stroke. Exogenous administration has previously been shown not to cross the blood-brain barrier; therefore, we have focused this review on approaches that allow us to directly stimulate, using pharmacological therapies and mimetics, physical activity and potential drug delivery systems that can be used to administer BDNF. Finally, we also discuss the role of BDNF polymorphisms and the influence of epigenetic regulation of BDNF on post-stroke recovery. FAU - Berretta, Antonio AU - Berretta A AD - Department of Anatomy and the Brain Health Research Center, Dunedin, New Zealand. FAU - Tzeng, Yu-Chieh AU - Tzeng YC FAU - Clarkson, Andrew N AU - Clarkson AN LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20141016 PL - England TA - Expert Rev Neurother JT - Expert review of neurotherapeutics JID - 101129944 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (Receptor, trkB) SB - IM MH - Brain Ischemia/*metabolism/rehabilitation MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism MH - Humans MH - Neurons/metabolism MH - Receptor, trkB/*metabolism MH - Recovery of Function/*physiology MH - Stroke/*metabolism MH - Stroke Rehabilitation OTO - NOTNLM OT - BDNF polymorphisms OT - ampakine OT - exercise OT - post-stroke recovery OT - tropomyosin-related kinase type B EDAT- 2014/10/17 06:00 MHDA- 2015/06/25 06:00 CRDT- 2014/10/17 06:00 PHST- 2014/10/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/10/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/06/25 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1586/14737175.2014.969242 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Expert Rev Neurother. 2014 Nov;14(11):1335-44. doi: 10.1586/14737175.2014.969242. Epub 2014 Oct 16.