PMID- 25323588
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150803
LR  - 20230815
IS  - 1476-5403 (Electronic)
IS  - 1350-9047 (Print)
IS  - 1350-9047 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - Hexokinase II integrates energy metabolism and cellular protection: Akting on 
      mitochondria and TORCing to autophagy.
PG  - 248-57
LID - 10.1038/cdd.2014.173 [doi]
AB  - Accumulating evidence reveals that metabolic and cell survival pathways are 
      closely related, sharing common signaling molecules. Hexokinase catalyzes the 
      phosphorylation of glucose, the rate-limiting first step of glycolysis. 
      Hexokinase II (HK-II) is a predominant isoform in insulin-sensitive tissues such 
      as heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues. It is also upregulated in many 
      types of tumors associated with enhanced aerobic glycolysis in tumor cells, the 
      Warburg effect. In addition to the fundamental role in glycolysis, HK-II is 
      increasingly recognized as a component of a survival signaling nexus. This review 
      summarizes recent advances in understanding the protective role of HK-II, 
      controlling cellular growth, preventing mitochondrial death pathway and enhancing 
      autophagy, with a particular focus on the interaction between HK-II and Akt/mTOR 
      pathway to integrate metabolic status with the control of cell survival.
FAU - Roberts, D J
AU  - Roberts DJ
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman 
      Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA.
FAU - Miyamoto, S
AU  - Miyamoto S
AD  - Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman 
      Drive, La Jolla, CA, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HL097037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R56 HL097037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HL097037/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
DEP - 20141017
PL  - England
TA  - Cell Death Differ
JT  - Cell death and differentiation
JID - 9437445
RN  - 0 (Multiprotein Complexes)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.1 (Hexokinase)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
SB  - IM
EIN - Cell Death Differ. 2015 Feb;22(2):364. PMID: 25578149
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Autophagy
MH  - Energy Metabolism
MH  - Glycolysis
MH  - Hexokinase/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mitochondria/*metabolism
MH  - Multiprotein Complexes/*metabolism
MH  - Phosphorylation
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/*metabolism
MH  - *Signal Transduction
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism
PMC - PMC4291497
EDAT- 2014/10/18 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/04 06:00
PMCR- 2016/02/01
CRDT- 2014/10/18 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/09/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/09/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/10/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - cdd2014173 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/cdd.2014.173 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cell Death Differ. 2015 Feb;22(2):248-57. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2014.173. Epub 2014 
      Oct 17.