PMID- 25333779
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150626
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 10
DP  - 2014
TI  - Spatial variation in genetic diversity and natural selection on the 
      thrombospondin-related adhesive protein locus of Plasmodium vivax (PvTRAP).
PG  - e110463
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0110463 [doi]
LID - e110463
AB  - Thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) of malaria parasites is essential 
      for sporozoite motility and invasions into mosquito's salivary gland and 
      vertebrate's hepatocyte; thereby, it is a promising target for pre-erythrocytic 
      vaccine. TRAP of Plasmodium vivax (PvTRAP) exhibits sequence heterogeneity among 
      isolates, an issue relevant to vaccine development. To gain insights into 
      variation in the complete PvTRAP sequences of parasites in Thailand, 114 vivax 
      malaria patients were recruited in 2006-2007 from 4 major endemic provinces 
      bordering Myanmar (Tak in the northwest, n = 30 and Prachuap Khirikhan in the 
      southwest, n = 25), Cambodia (Chanthaburi in the east, n = 29) and Malaysia (Yala 
      and Narathiwat in the south, n = 30). In total, 26 amino acid substitutions were 
      detected and 9 of which were novel, resulting in 44 distinct haplotypes. 
      Haplotype and nucleotide diversities were lowest in southern P. vivax population 
      while higher levels of diversities were observed in other populations. Evidences 
      of positive selection on PvTRAP were demonstrated in domains II and IV and 
      purifying selection in domains I, II and VI. Genetic differentiation was 
      significant between each population except that between populations bordering 
      Myanmar where transmigration was common. Regression analysis of pairwise 
      linearized Fst and geographic distance suggests that P. vivax populations in 
      Thailand have been isolated by distance. Sequence diversity of PvTRAP seems to be 
      temporally stable over one decade in Tak province based on comparison of isolates 
      collected in 1996 (n = 36) and 2006-2007. Besides natural selection, evidences of 
      intragenic recombination have been supported in this study that could maintain 
      and further generate diversity in this locus. It remains to be investigated 
      whether amino acid substitutions in PvTRAP could influence host immune responses 
      although several predicted variant T cell epitopes drastically altered the 
      epitope scores. Knowledge on geographic diversity in PvTRAP constitutes an 
      important basis for vaccine design provided that vaccination largely confers 
      variant-specific immunity.
FAU - Kosuwin, Rattiporn
AU  - Kosuwin R
AD  - Molecular Biology of Malaria and Opportunistic Parasites Research Unit, 
      Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 
      Bangkok, Thailand.
FAU - Putaporntip, Chaturong
AU  - Putaporntip C
AD  - Molecular Biology of Malaria and Opportunistic Parasites Research Unit, 
      Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 
      Bangkok, Thailand.
FAU - Tachibana, Hiroshi
AU  - Tachibana H
AD  - Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, 
      Japan.
FAU - Jongwutiwes, Somchai
AU  - Jongwutiwes S
AD  - Molecular Biology of Malaria and Opportunistic Parasites Research Unit, 
      Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 
      Bangkok, Thailand.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141021
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (DNA, Protozoan)
RN  - 0 (Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte)
RN  - 0 (Protozoan Proteins)
RN  - 120300-02-9 (thrombospondin-related adhesive protein, protozoan)
SB  - IM
EIN - PLoS One. 2018 Aug 23;13(8):e0203163. PMID: 30138471
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - DNA, Protozoan/isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - Haplotypes
MH  - Humans
MH  - Malaria, Vivax/diagnosis/parasitology
MH  - Mutation
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Plasmodium vivax/isolation & purification/*metabolism
MH  - Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/classification/*genetics
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Selection, Genetic
PMC - PMC4204863
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/10/22 06:00
MHDA- 2015/06/27 06:00
PMCR- 2014/10/21
CRDT- 2014/10/22 06:00
PHST- 2014/06/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/09/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/10/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/06/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-25329 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0110463 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Oct 21;9(10):e110463. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110463. 
      eCollection 2014.