PMID- 25359614 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150708 LR - 20211203 IS - 1471-2202 (Electronic) IS - 1471-2202 (Linking) VI - 15 DP - 2014 Oct 31 TI - Physical exercise ameliorates the reduction of neural stem cell, cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in senescent mice induced by D-galactose. PG - 116 LID - 10.1186/s12868-014-0116-4 [doi] LID - 116 AB - BACKGROUND: Aging negatively affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and exercise attenuates the age-related reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In the present study, we used senescent mice induced by D-galactose to examine neural stem cells, cell proliferation, and neuronal differentiation with or without exercise treatment. D-galactose (100 mg/kg) was injected to six-week-old C57BL/6 J mice for 6 weeks to induce the senescent model. During these periods, the animals were placed on a treadmill and acclimated to exercise for 1 week. Then treadmill running was conducted for 1 h/day for 5 consecutive days at 10-12 m/min for 5 weeks. RESULTS: Body weight and food intake did not change significantly after D-galactose administration with/without treadmill exercise, although body weight and food intake was highest after treadmill exercise in adult animals and lowest after treadmill exercise in D-galactose-induced senescent model animals. D-galactose treatment significantly decreased the number of nestin (a neural stem cell marker), Ki67 (a cell proliferation marker), and doublecortin (DCX, a differentiating neuroblast marker) positive cells compared to those in the control group. In contrast, treadmill exercise significantly increased Ki67- and DCX-positive cell numbers in both the vehicle- and D-galactose treated groups. In addition, phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding protein (pCREB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was significantly decreased in the D-galactose treated group, whereas exercise increased their expression in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in both the vehicle- and D-galactose-treated groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that treadmill exercise attenuates the D-galactose-induced reduction in neural stem cells, cell proliferation, and neuronal differentiation by enhancing the expression of pCREB and BDNF in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. FAU - Nam, Sung Min AU - Nam SM AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. lovingvet@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Kim, Jong Whi AU - Kim JW AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. kimjongwhi@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Yoo, Dae Young AU - Yoo DY AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. yo4419@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Yim, Hee Sun AU - Yim HS AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea. heesun@gwnu.ac.kr. FAU - Kim, Dae Won AU - Kim DW AD - Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea. kimdw@gwnu.ac.kr. FAU - Choi, Jung Hoon AU - Choi JH AD - Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea. jhchoi@kangwon.ac.kr. FAU - Kim, Woosuk AU - Kim W AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. tank3430@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Jung, Hyo Young AU - Jung HY AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. hyoyoung@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Won, Moo-Ho AU - Won MH AD - Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea. mhwon@kangwon.ac.kr. FAU - Hwang, In Koo AU - Hwang IK AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. vetmed2@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Seong, Je Kyung AU - Seong JK AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. snumouse@snu.ac.kr. FAU - Yoon, Yeo Sung AU - Yoon YS AD - Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea. ysyoon@snu.ac.kr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20141031 PL - England TA - BMC Neurosci JT - BMC neuroscience JID - 100966986 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Creb1 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein) RN - 0 (Dcx protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Doublecortin Domain Proteins) RN - 0 (Doublecortin Protein) RN - 0 (Ki-67 Antigen) RN - 0 (Microtubule-Associated Proteins) RN - 0 (Nes protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Nestin) RN - 0 (Neuropeptides) RN - X2RN3Q8DNE (Galactose) SB - IM MH - Aging/*physiology MH - Animals MH - Body Weight MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism MH - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism MH - Dentate Gyrus/*physiology MH - Doublecortin Domain Proteins MH - Doublecortin Protein MH - Eating MH - Galactose MH - Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism MH - Male MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism MH - Motor Activity/*physiology MH - Nestin/metabolism MH - Neural Stem Cells/*physiology MH - Neurogenesis/*physiology MH - Neuropeptides/metabolism MH - Phosphorylation PMC - PMC4219098 EDAT- 2014/11/02 06:00 MHDA- 2015/07/15 06:00 PMCR- 2014/10/31 CRDT- 2014/11/01 06:00 PHST- 2013/07/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/10/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/11/01 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/11/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2014/10/31 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - s12868-014-0116-4 [pii] AID - 116 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s12868-014-0116-4 [doi] PST - epublish SO - BMC Neurosci. 2014 Oct 31;15:116. doi: 10.1186/s12868-014-0116-4.