PMID- 25379062
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141107
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1836-1935 (Print)
IS  - 1836-1935 (Electronic)
IS  - 1836-1935 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 10
DP  - 2014
TI  - SGLT2 inhibitors: New medicines for addressing unmet needs in type 2 diabetes.
PG  - 405-15
LID - 10.4066/AMJ.2014.2181 [doi]
AB  - The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising in Australia. Sodium 
      glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are an emerging treatment for T2DM. 
      SGLT2 inhibitors offer a novel approach to lowering hyperglycaemia by suppressing 
      renal glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. The 
      increased urinary glucose excretion has also been associated with caloric loss 
      and osmotic diuresis. Dapagliflozin and canagliflozin are the SGLT2 inhibitors 
      that are approved for clinical use in the US, the European Union (EU), and 
      Australia. Their use results in reductions in HbA1c and body weight across a 
      broad range of patient populations ranging from drug-naive patients to those who 
      require additional therapy due to inadequate glycaemic control on their existing 
      treatment. In addition, reductions in blood pressure (BP), particularly systolic 
      BP, have also been noted. SGLT2 inhibitors are generally well tolerated with low 
      rates of adverse events. Episodes of hypoglycaemia were mostly classified as 
      minor, with low and balanced rates of severe hypoglycaemia across studies. The 
      proportions of patients with genital infections and urinary tract infections were 
      higher with dapagliflozin and canagliflozin versus their comparators. However, 
      these infections were generally mild-to-moderate in intensity, treated with 
      standard antimicrobial therapies, and rarely led to discontinuation. No dosage 
      adjustments for dapagliflozin and canagliflozin are recommended for 
      normal-to-mild renal impairment. Dapagliflozin and canagliflozin are not 
      recommended for use in patients with eGFR<60 and <45mL/min/1.73m(2), 
      respectively. Overall, SGLT2 inhibitors have shown the potential to become an 
      important addition to the treatment armamentarium for effective management of 
      patients with T2DM.
FAU - Moses, Robert G
AU  - Moses RG
AD  - Illawarra Diabetes Service, Clinical Trial and Research Unit, Illawarra 
      Shoalhaven Local Health District,Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Colagiuri, Stephen
AU  - Colagiuri S
AD  - Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, University of 
      Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Pollock, Carol
AU  - Pollock C
AD  - Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, Royal North Shore 
      Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20141031
PL  - Canada
TA  - Australas Med J
JT  - The Australasian medical journal
JID - 101558564
PMC - PMC4221776
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - SGLT2 inhibitors
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
OT  - management
OT  - renal
COIS- CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declare the following conflict of interest. RGM 
      has been involved in, and continues to be involved in, several of the clinical 
      trials for both dapagliflozin and canaglifozin. CP is on advisory boards for both 
      dapagliflozin and canagliflozin. SC is on an advisory board for dapagliflozin and 
      was on an advisory board for canagliflozin.
EDAT- 2014/11/08 06:00
MHDA- 2014/11/08 06:01
PMCR- 2014/10/31
CRDT- 2014/11/08 06:00
PHST- 2014/11/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/11/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/11/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2014/10/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 20142181 [pii]
AID - 10.4066/AMJ.2014.2181 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Australas Med J. 2014 Oct 31;7(10):405-15. doi: 10.4066/AMJ.2014.2181. 
      eCollection 2014.