PMID- 25394217
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150811
LR  - 20220317
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 11
DP  - 2014
TI  - The association between the use of proton pump inhibitors and the risk of 
      hypomagnesemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PG  - e112558
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0112558 [doi]
LID - e112558
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although many case reports have described patients with proton pump 
      inhibitor (PPI)-induced hypomagnesemia, the impact of PPI use on hypomagnesemia 
      has not been fully clarified through comparative studies. We aimed to evaluate 
      the association between the use of PPI and the risk of developing hypomagnesemia 
      by conducting a systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS: We conducted a 
      systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library using the primary 
      keywords "proton pump," "dexlansoprazole," "esomeprazole," "ilaprazole," 
      "lansoprazole," "omeprazole," "pantoprazole," "rabeprazole," "hypomagnesemia," 
      "hypomagnesaemia," and "magnesium." Studies were included if they evaluated the 
      association between PPI use and hypomagnesemia and reported relative risks or 
      odds ratios or provided data for their estimation. Pooled odds ratios with 95% 
      confidence intervals were calculated using the random effects model. Statistical 
      heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. RESULTS: Nine 
      studies including 115,455 patients were analyzed. The median Newcastle-Ottawa 
      quality score for the included studies was seven (range, 6-9). Among patients 
      taking PPIs, the median proportion of patients with hypomagnesemia was 27.1% 
      (range, 11.3-55.2%) across all included studies. Among patients not taking PPIs, 
      the median proportion of patients with hypomagnesemia was 18.4% (range, 
      4.3-52.7%). On meta-analysis, pooled odds ratio for PPI use was found to be 1.775 
      (95% confidence interval 1.077-2.924). Significant heterogeneity was identified 
      using Cochran's Q test (df = 7, P<0.001, I2 = 98.0%). CONCLUSIONS: PPI use may 
      increase the risk of hypomagnesemia. However, significant heterogeneity among the 
      included studies prevented us from reaching a definitive conclusion.
FAU - Park, Chan Hyuk
AU  - Park CH
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance 
      Hospital, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 
      Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Eun Hye
AU  - Kim EH
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance 
      Hospital, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 
      Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Roh, Yun Ho
AU  - Roh YH
AD  - Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Kim, Ha Yan
AU  - Kim HY
AD  - Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 
      Korea.
FAU - Lee, Sang Kil
AU  - Lee SK
AD  - Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance 
      Hospital, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 
      Seoul, Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20141113
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles)
RN  - 0 (Proton Pump Inhibitors)
RN  - 0K5C5T2QPG (Lansoprazole)
RN  - 32828355LL (Rabeprazole)
RN  - 776Q6XX45J (ilaprazole)
RN  - D8TST4O562 (Pantoprazole)
RN  - I38ZP9992A (Magnesium)
RN  - KG60484QX9 (Omeprazole)
RN  - N3PA6559FT (Esomeprazole)
RN  - UYE4T5I70X (Dexlansoprazole)
SB  - IM
CIN - Ann Clin Biochem. 2015 Mar;52(2):302. PMID: 28071085
MH  - 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles/adverse effects
MH  - Dexlansoprazole/adverse effects
MH  - Esomeprazole/adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lansoprazole/adverse effects
MH  - Magnesium/*blood
MH  - Odds Ratio
MH  - Omeprazole/adverse effects
MH  - Pantoprazole
MH  - Proton Pump Inhibitors/*adverse effects
MH  - Rabeprazole/adverse effects
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Treatment Outcome
PMC - PMC4230950
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2015/08/12 06:00
PMCR- 2014/11/13
CRDT- 2014/11/14 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/10/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/11/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/08/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/11/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-33306 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0112558 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Nov 13;9(11):e112558. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112558. 
      eCollection 2014.