PMID- 25408463
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150916
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1438-2199 (Electronic)
IS  - 0939-4451 (Print)
IS  - 0939-4451 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - Trafficking of excitatory amino acid transporter 2-laden vesicles in cultured 
      astrocytes: a comparison between approximate and exact determination of 
      trajectory angles.
PG  - 357-67
LID - 10.1007/s00726-014-1868-y [doi]
AB  - A clear consensus concerning the mechanisms of intracellular secretory vesicle 
      trafficking in astrocytes is lacking in the physiological literature. A good 
      characterization of vesicle trafficking that may assist researchers in achieving 
      that goal is the trajectory angle, defined as the angle between the trajectory of 
      a vesicle and a line radial to the cell's nucleus. In this study, we provide a 
      precise definition of the trajectory angle, describe and compare two methods for 
      its calculation in terms of measureable trafficking parameters, and give 
      recommendations for the appropriate use of each method. We investigated the 
      trafficking of vesicles containing excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) 
      fluorescently tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to quantify 
      and validate the precision of each method. The motion of fluorescent 
      puncta--taken to represent vesicles containing EAAT2-EGFP--was found to be 
      typical of secretory vesicle trafficking. An exact method for calculating the 
      trajectory angle of these puncta produced no error but required large computation 
      time. An approximate method reduced the requisite computation time but produced 
      an error depending on the inverse of the ratio of the punctum's initial distance 
      from the nucleus centroid to its maximal displacement. Fitting this dependence to 
      a power function allowed us to establish an exclusion distance from the centroid, 
      beyond which the approximate method is less likely to produce an error above an 
      acceptable 5%. We recommend that the exact method be used to calculate the 
      trajectory angle for puncta closer to the nucleus centroid than this exclusion 
      distance.
FAU - Cavender, Chapin E
AU  - Cavender CE
AD  - Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, 1719 6th Ave S, 
      CIRC429, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, United States, chapinc@uab.edu.
FAU - Gottipati, Manoj K
AU  - Gottipati MK
FAU - Parpura, Vladimir
AU  - Parpura V
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 HD078678/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HD078678/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20141119
PL  - Austria
TA  - Amino Acids
JT  - Amino acids
JID - 9200312
RN  - 0 (Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2)
RN  - 0 (Slc1a2 protein, mouse)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Astrocytes/*metabolism
MH  - Biological Transport, Active/physiology
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - *Models, Biological
MH  - Secretory Vesicles/genetics/*metabolism
PMC - PMC4304876
MID - NIHMS643499
COIS- Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2014/11/20 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/17 06:00
PMCR- 2016/02/01
CRDT- 2014/11/20 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/11/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/11/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00726-014-1868-y [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Amino Acids. 2015 Feb;47(2):357-67. doi: 10.1007/s00726-014-1868-y. Epub 2014 Nov 
      19.