PMID- 25416641
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150702
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1472-6823 (Print)
IS  - 1472-6823 (Electronic)
IS  - 1472-6823 (Linking)
VI  - 14
DP  - 2014 Nov 22
TI  - A pattern of unspecific somatic symptoms as long-term premonitory signs of type 2 
      diabetes: findings from the population-based MONICA/KORA cohort study, 1984-2009.
PG  - 87
LID - 10.1186/1472-6823-14-87 [doi]
LID - 87
AB  - BACKGROUND: Unspecific symptoms often proceed a serious chronic disease condition 
      long before the onset of the disease. The role of an unspecific premonitory 
      symptom (UPMS) pattern as premonitory signs of subsequent type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis independent of established cardio-metabolic risk 
      factors is unclear and therefore was examined in the present study. METHODS: The 
      study population consisted of 10,566 participants aged 25-74 years at baseline 
      drawn from the population-based MONICA/KORA Cohort Study conducted in 1984-2009 
      in the Augsburg region (Germany). Unspecific premonitory symptoms were assessed 
      following the Somatic Symptom Scale-8 (SSS-8). The impact of the score on T2DM 
      risk within a mean follow-up time of 16 years was estimated by Cox regression. 
      RESULTS: Within follow-up, 974 newly diagnosed T2DM cases were observed. The risk 
      for T2DM increased by a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03 (95% CI 1.01-1.04, p 
      value < 0.001) for a one unit increase of the UPMS score in a Cox model adjusted 
      for age, sex and survey. Additional adjustment for cardio-metabolic risk factors 
      attenuated this effect (HR = 1.02) but significance remained (p value = 0.01). 
      CONCLUSIONS: Suffering from an elevated burden of unspecific somatic symptoms is 
      associated with T2DM long before the onset and independent of established 
      cardio-metabolic risk factors. Further research is needed to obtain insight in 
      potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
FAU - Baumert, Jens
AU  - Baumert J
FAU - Meisinger, Christa
AU  - Meisinger C
FAU - Lukaschek, Karoline
AU  - Lukaschek K
FAU - Emeny, Rebecca Thwing
AU  - Emeny RT
FAU - Ruckert, Ina-Maria
AU  - Ruckert IM
FAU - Kruse, Johannes
AU  - Kruse J
FAU - Ladwig, Karl-Heinz
AU  - Ladwig KH
AD  - Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center 
      for Environmental Health, Ingolstadter Landstr, 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany. 
      ladwig@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141122
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Endocr Disord
JT  - BMC endocrine disorders
JID - 101088676
SB  - IM
MH  - Acute Coronary Syndrome/blood/epidemiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/epidemiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Diabetic Angiopathies/blood/epidemiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Educational Status
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Germany/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperglycemia/blood/epidemiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Life Style
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
PMC - PMC4247721
EDAT- 2014/11/25 06:00
MHDA- 2015/07/03 06:00
PMCR- 2014/11/22
CRDT- 2014/11/23 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/11/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/11/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/07/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1472-6823-14-87 [pii]
AID - 288 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/1472-6823-14-87 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Endocr Disord. 2014 Nov 22;14:87. doi: 10.1186/1472-6823-14-87.