PMID- 25448553 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160307 LR - 20150306 IS - 1873-3476 (Electronic) IS - 0378-5173 (Linking) VI - 482 IP - 1-2 DP - 2015 Mar 30 TI - Surface coating mediates the toxicity of polymeric nanoparticles towards human-like macrophages. PG - 75-83 LID - S0378-5173(14)00854-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.042 [doi] AB - The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity of a series of poly(lactide-co-glycolic) (PLGA) nanoparticles on human-like THP-1 macrophages. Positively-, negatively-charged and neutral nanoparticles (200 nm) were prepared using chitosan (CS), poloxamer 188 (PF68) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as stabilizer. Stabilizer-free PLGA nanoparticles were obtained as well. When used at therapeutically relevant concentrations (up to 0.1 mg/mL in vitro), all tested nanoparticles showed no or scarce signs of toxicity, as assessed by cell mitochondrial activity, induction of apoptosis and necrosis, production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. At high concentrations (above 1mg/mL), cytotoxicity was found to be induced by the presence of stabilizers, whatever the toxicological pattern of the stabilizer itself. While stabilizer-free PLGA nanoparticles exerted no cytotoxicity, the slightly cytotoxic CS polymer conferred PLGA nanoparticles significant cytotoxicity when used as nanoparticle stabilizer; more surprisingly, the otherwise innocuous PVA and PF68 polymers also conferred a significant cytotoxicity to PLGA nanoparticles. These results unveiled the critical toxicological contribution played by stabilizers used for the formulation of PLGA nanoparticles when used at high concentrations, which may have implications for local toxicities of PLGA-based nanomedicine, and provided additional insight in cytotoxic effects of internalized nanoparticles. CI - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Grabowski, Nadege AU - Grabowski N AD - Universite Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. FAU - Hillaireau, Herve AU - Hillaireau H AD - Universite Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. FAU - Vergnaud, Juliette AU - Vergnaud J AD - Universite Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. FAU - Tsapis, Nicolas AU - Tsapis N AD - Universite Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. FAU - Pallardy, Marc AU - Pallardy M AD - INSERM UMR 996 Cytokines, Chemokines and Immunopathology, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. FAU - Kerdine-Romer, Saadia AU - Kerdine-Romer S AD - INSERM UMR 996 Cytokines, Chemokines and Immunopathology, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. FAU - Fattal, Elias AU - Fattal E AD - Universite Paris-Sud, Institut Galien Paris-Sud, LabEx LERMIT, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 8612, 5 rue JB Clement, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry Cedex, France. Electronic address: elias.fattal@u-psud.fr. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20141118 PL - Netherlands TA - Int J Pharm JT - International journal of pharmaceutics JID - 7804127 RN - 0 (Excipients) RN - 106392-12-5 (Poloxamer) RN - 26009-03-0 (Polyglycolic Acid) RN - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid) RN - 9002-89-5 (Polyvinyl Alcohol) RN - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan) SB - IM MH - Cell Survival/drug effects MH - Chitosan/chemistry/toxicity MH - Excipients/chemistry/*toxicity MH - Humans MH - Lactic Acid/chemistry/*toxicity MH - Macrophages/*drug effects MH - Nanoparticles/*chemistry/*toxicity MH - Poloxamer/chemistry/toxicity MH - Polyglycolic Acid/chemistry/*toxicity MH - Polyvinyl Alcohol/chemistry/toxicity OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cytotoxicity OT - Inflammatory response OT - PLGA OT - Stabilizer EDAT- 2014/12/03 06:00 MHDA- 2016/03/08 06:00 CRDT- 2014/12/03 06:00 PHST- 2014/05/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/11/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/11/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/03/08 06:00 [medline] AID - S0378-5173(14)00854-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.042 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Pharm. 2015 Mar 30;482(1-2):75-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.11.042. Epub 2014 Nov 18.