PMID- 25451741
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150720
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 1089-8646 (Electronic)
IS  - 0888-7543 (Linking)
VI  - 105
IP  - 1
DP  - 2015 Jan
TI  - Adaptive evolution at immune system genes and deep pregnancy implantation in 
      primates.
PG  - 17-22
LID - S0888-7543(14)00226-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.11.003 [doi]
AB  - A major evolutionary change in the lineage ancestral to humans, chimpanzee and 
      gorilla (HCG) has been the embedding of the embryo into maternal tissue. Thus, 
      the first layer of cells (trophoblast) to differentiate after fertilization must 
      adapt to invade the uterus. Such event would likely leave signatures of positive 
      selection at genes with roles in embryo implantation. Here, 163 pregnancy 
      implantation genes are tested for evidence of adaptive diversification in the 
      ancestral lineage to HCG. Two immune system genes, HLA-E and KIR2DL4 showed 
      evidence of positive selection. Some of the positive selected sites involve amino 
      acid substitution with predicted damaging effects on protein function, thus 
      highlighting the possibility of antagonistic pleiotropic effects. Selection at a 
      gene coding for a receptor expressed in uterine cells (KIR) that interacts with 
      trophoblast human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes suggests a main role for 
      immunological adaptations in embryo deep invasion of the maternal endometrium.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Civetta, Alberto
AU  - Civetta A
AD  - Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 
      Electronic address: a.civetta@uwinnipeg.ca.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141115
PL  - United States
TA  - Genomics
JT  - Genomics
JID - 8800135
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I)
RN  - 0 (KIR2DL4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR2DL4)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Substitution
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Embryo Implantation
MH  - Endometrium/*metabolism
MH  - Evolution, Molecular
MH  - Female
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pregnancy/*genetics
MH  - Primates/embryology/*genetics
MH  - Receptors, KIR2DL4/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Selection, Genetic
MH  - Trophoblasts/physiology
MH  - HLA-E Antigens
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HLA-E
OT  - KIR2DL4
OT  - Pleiotropy
OT  - Positive selection
OT  - Pregnancy
EDAT- 2014/12/03 06:00
MHDA- 2015/07/21 06:00
CRDT- 2014/12/03 06:00
PHST- 2014/04/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/11/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/07/21 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0888-7543(14)00226-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.11.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Genomics. 2015 Jan;105(1):17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.11.003. Epub 2014 Nov 
      15.