PMID- 25454240 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150708 LR - 20181202 IS - 1873-6750 (Electronic) IS - 0160-4120 (Linking) VI - 74 DP - 2015 Jan TI - Aggregate dermal exposure to cyclic siloxanes in personal care products: implications for risk assessment. PG - 231-9 LID - S0160-4120(14)00311-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.017 [doi] AB - Consumers who use personal care products (PCPs) are internally exposed to some of the organic components present of which some may be detected in exhaled air when eliminated. The aim of this study was the quantitative determination of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in end-exhaled air to study dermal absorption of substances in PCPs. We exposed the forearm of fifteen healthy volunteers for 60min to pure D4 or D5 and to commercial products containing D4 and D5. Inhalation uptake was kept to a minimum by keeping the forearm in a flow cabinet during dermal exposure and supplying filtered air to the breathing zone of the volunteer during the post-exposure period. End-exhaled air was collected using a breath sampler (Bio-VOC), transferred to carbograph multi-bed adsorbent tubes and analyzed by thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). In the end-exhaled air of non-exposed volunteers background concentrations of D4 (0.8-3.5ng/L) and D5 (0.8-4.0ng/L) were observed. After exposing the volunteers, the level of D4 and D5 in end-exhaled air did not or barely exceed background concentrations. At t=90min, a sharp increase of the D4/D5 concentration in end-exhaled air was observed, which we attributed to the inhalation of the substances during a toilet visit without using inhalation protection devices. When this visit was taken out of the protocol, the sharp increase disappeared. Overall, the results of our study indicate that dermal absorption of D4 and D5 contributes only marginally to internal exposure following dermal applications. As in our study inhalation is the primary route of entry for these compounds, we conclude that its risk assessment should focus on this particular exposure route. CI - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Biesterbos, Jacqueline W H AU - Biesterbos JW AD - Radboud university medical center, Department for Health Evidence, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Jacqueline.Biesterbos@radboudumc.nl. FAU - Beckmann, Gwendolyn AU - Beckmann G AD - Radboud university medical center, Department for Health Evidence, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Gwendolyn.Beckmann@radboudumc.nl. FAU - van Wel, Luuk AU - van Wel L AD - Radboud university medical center, Department for Health Evidence, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Luuk.vanWel@radboudumc.nl. FAU - Anzion, Rob B M AU - Anzion RB AD - Radboud university medical center, Department for Health Evidence, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Rob.Anzion@radboudumc.nl. FAU - von Goetz, Natalie AU - von Goetz N AD - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: Natalie.von.goetz@chem.ethz.ch. FAU - Dudzina, Tatsiana AU - Dudzina T AD - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: tatsiana.dudzina@chem.ethz.ch. FAU - Roeleveld, Nel AU - Roeleveld N AD - Radboud university medical center, Department for Health Evidence, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud university medical center, Department of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Nel.Roeleveld@radboudumc.nl. FAU - Ragas, Ad M J AU - Ragas AM AD - Radboud University Nijmegen, Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: A.ragas@science.ru.nl. FAU - Russel, Frans G M AU - Russel FG AD - Radboud university medical center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Frans.Russel@radboudumc.nl. FAU - Scheepers, Paul T J AU - Scheepers PT AD - Radboud university medical center, Department for Health Evidence, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Paul.Scheepers@radboudumc.nl. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20141105 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Int JT - Environment international JID - 7807270 RN - 0 (Cosmetics) RN - 0 (Siloxanes) RN - 0THT5PCI0R (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane) RN - CZ227117JE (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane) SB - IM MH - Administration, Cutaneous MH - Adult MH - *Cosmetics/administration & dosage MH - Dermis/*metabolism MH - Female MH - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry MH - Humans MH - Inhalation Exposure MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Risk Assessment MH - Siloxanes/administration & dosage/analysis/*pharmacokinetics MH - Skin Absorption OTO - NOTNLM OT - D4 OT - D5 OT - Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane OT - End-exhaled air OT - Human biological monitoring OT - Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane EDAT- 2014/12/03 06:00 MHDA- 2015/07/15 06:00 CRDT- 2014/12/03 06:00 PHST- 2014/05/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/09/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/10/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/12/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/07/15 06:00 [medline] AID - S0160-4120(14)00311-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.017 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Int. 2015 Jan;74:231-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.10.017. Epub 2014 Nov 5.