PMID- 25474078
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151117
LR  - 20220409
IS  - 2325-6621 (Electronic)
IS  - 2329-6933 (Print)
IS  - 2325-6621 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - Assessment of airway microbiota and inflammation in cystic fibrosis using 
      multiple sampling methods.
PG  - 221-9
LID - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201407-310OC [doi]
AB  - RATIONALE: Oropharyngeal (OP) swabs and induced sputum (IS) are used for airway 
      bacteria surveillance in nonexpectorating children with cystic fibrosis (CF). 
      Molecular analyses of these airway samples detect complex microbial communities. 
      However, the optimal noninvasive sampling approach for microbiota analyses and 
      the clinical relevance of microbiota, particularly its relationship to airway 
      inflammation, is not well characterized. OBJECTIVES: The goals of this study were 
      to compare molecular analyses of concurrently collected saliva, OP swabs, IS, and 
      expectorated sputum (ES) from children with CF and to determine the association 
      between microbiota, lung function, and airway inflammation. METHODS: Saliva, OP 
      swabs, IS, and ES were collected from 16 children with CF. Spirometry was 
      performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Respiratory and saliva samples (n = 61) 
      were sequenced for bacterial microbial communities, and total and CF-specific 
      bacterial quantitative PCR assays were performed. Airway samples underwent 
      conventional culture for CF-specific pathogens. Neutrophil elastase, IL-1beta, 
      IL-1ra, IL-6, Il-8, TNF-alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor were measured 
      in ES and IS. Sequencing results from individual subjects were similar across 
      samples, with greater between-subject than within-subject variation. However, 
      Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus were detected in higher relative abundance from 
      lower airways (ES and IS) compared with paired upper airway samples (OP and 
      saliva). Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae correlated with 
      increased airway inflammation. Divergence between microbiota in upper airway 
      compared with lower airway samples, indicating greater differences between 
      communities, was associated with increased sputum neutrophil elastase. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Bacteria detected in IS samples resemble ES samples, whereas OP 
      samples may underrepresent bacteria associated with airway inflammation. 
      Divergence of lower airway communities from upper airway was associated with 
      airway inflammation and may portend disease progression.
FAU - Zemanick, Edith T
AU  - Zemanick ET
AD  - 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, 
      Colorado.
FAU - Wagner, Brandie D
AU  - Wagner BD
FAU - Robertson, Charles E
AU  - Robertson CE
FAU - Stevens, Mark J
AU  - Stevens MJ
FAU - Szefler, Stanley J
AU  - Szefler SJ
FAU - Accurso, Frank J
AU  - Accurso FJ
FAU - Sagel, Scott D
AU  - Sagel SD
FAU - Harris, J Kirk
AU  - Harris JK
LA  - eng
GR  - K23 HL114883/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UL1 TR001082/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23HL114883/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Ann Am Thorac Soc
JT  - Annals of the American Thoracic Society
JID - 101600811
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Cystic Fibrosis/immunology/*microbiology/physiopathology
MH  - Cytokines/*immunology
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/*analysis
MH  - Enterobacteriaceae/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Enterobacteriaceae Infections/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation
MH  - Male
MH  - *Microbiota/genetics/immunology
MH  - Oropharynx/immunology/*microbiology
MH  - Pseudomonas/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Pseudomonas Infections/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Saliva/immunology/*microbiology
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Spirometry
MH  - Sputum/immunology/*microbiology
MH  - Staphylococcal Infections/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Staphylococcus/genetics/isolation & purification
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4342834
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - DNA sequencing
OT  - bacterial infection
OT  - microbiome
OT  - oropharyngeal swab
OT  - sputum
EDAT- 2014/12/05 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/18 06:00
PMCR- 2016/02/01
CRDT- 2014/12/05 06:00
PHST- 2014/12/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201407-310OC [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2015 Feb;12(2):221-9. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201407-310OC.