PMID- 25494811
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150928
LR  - 20150220
IS  - 1751-2441 (Electronic)
IS  - 1751-2433 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Mar
TI  - Nocebo effects and psychotropic drug action.
PG  - 159-61
LID - 10.1586/17512433.2015.992877 [doi]
AB  - The role of psychosocial context around patient and therapy can be studied 
      through randomized clinical trials. The analysis of the results of clinical 
      trials, and considering the adverse events (AEs) in the placebo groups, provides 
      an important perspective of study for this phenomenon. In double-blind, 
      randomized clinical trials, the side effects reported in placebo-treated groups 
      are not associated with pharmacological treatment, but other factors should be 
      taken into account to explain these symptoms. This phenomenon may be 
      conceptualized as 'nocebo effects' relating to negative expectations for 
      treatment outcome, even though a role of prior learning in the form of 
      conditioning with active treatments cannot be excluded. This approach makes it 
      possible to observe how associating the placebo groups with a particular drug can 
      cause specific AEs that are consistent with those observed in the active group. 
      This phenomenon was described in a systematic review that examined placebo AEs in 
      tricyclic antidepressant randomized clinical trials. The authors depicted nocebo 
      effects in antidepressant placebos similar to the AE profiles of the real drugs, 
      which they were matched with. These key findings contrast with the belief that 
      nocebo effects were simply nonspecific. Moreover, they emphasize the need to 
      develop standardized procedures for collecting information about AEs in 
      randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials determining drug efficacy.
FAU - Amanzio, Martina
AU  - Amanzio M
AD  - Department of Psychology, University of Turin, National Institute of Turin (NIT), 
      Turin, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Editorial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141212
PL  - England
TA  - Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol
JT  - Expert review of clinical pharmacology
JID - 101278296
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Psychotropic Drugs)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Nocebo Effect
MH  - Psychotropic Drugs/*adverse effects
MH  - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/*methods
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adverse events
OT  - expectancy theory
OT  - nocebo effect
OT  - placebo groups
OT  - randomized controlled trials
EDAT- 2014/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2014/12/16 06:00
PHST- 2014/12/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1586/17512433.2015.992877 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Mar;8(2):159-61. doi: 
      10.1586/17512433.2015.992877. Epub 2014 Dec 12.