PMID- 25517508
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160112
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 12
DP  - 2014
TI  - Effective use of the built environment to manage behavioural and psychological 
      symptoms of dementia: a systematic review.
PG  - e115425
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0115425 [doi]
LID - e115425
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of built environment interventions in 
      managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among 
      residents in long-term care settings. METHODS: Systematic review of literature 
      published from 1995-2013. Studies were included if they: were randomized 
      controlled trials, quasi-experimental trials, or comparative cohort studies; were 
      in long-term or specialized dementia care; included residents with dementia and 
      BPSD; and examined effectiveness of a built environment intervention on frequency 
      and/or severity of BPSD. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Downs 
      and Black Checklist. Study design, patient population, intervention, and outcomes 
      were extracted and narratively synthesized. RESULTS: Five low to moderate quality 
      studies were included. Three categories of interventions were identified: 
      change/redesign of existing physical space, addition of physical objects to 
      environment, and type of living environment. One of the two studies that examined 
      change/redesign of physical spaces reported improvements in BPSD. The addition of 
      physical objects to an existing environment (n = 1) resulted in no difference in 
      BPSD between treatment and control groups. The two studies that examined 
      relocation to a novel living environment reported decreased or no difference in 
      the severity and/or frequency of BPSD post-intervention. No studies reported 
      worsening of BPSD following a built environment intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The 
      range of built environment interventions is broad, as is the complex and 
      multi-dimensional nature of BPSD. There is inconclusive evidence to suggest a 
      built environment intervention which is clinically superior in long-term care 
      settings. Further high-quality methodological and experimental studies are 
      required to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of such interventions.
FAU - Soril, Lesley J J
AU  - Soril LJ
AD  - Department Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Teaching Research 
      and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institute for Public Health, 
      University of Calgary, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Leggett, Laura E
AU  - Leggett LE
AD  - Department Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Teaching Research 
      and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institute for Public Health, 
      University of Calgary, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, 
      Canada.
FAU - Lorenzetti, Diane L
AU  - Lorenzetti DL
AD  - Department Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Teaching Research 
      and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institute for Public Health, 
      University of Calgary, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, 
      Canada; Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Silvius, James
AU  - Silvius J
AD  - Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Robertson, Duncan
AU  - Robertson D
AD  - Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Mansell, Lynne
AU  - Mansell L
AD  - Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Holroyd-Leduc, Jayna
AU  - Holroyd-Leduc J
AD  - Department Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Teaching Research 
      and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, 
      University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre South Tower, Calgary, Alberta, 
      Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Noseworthy, Tom W
AU  - Noseworthy TW
AD  - Department Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Teaching Research 
      and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institute for Public Health, 
      University of Calgary, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, 
      Canada; Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
FAU - Clement, Fiona M
AU  - Clement FM
AD  - Department Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Teaching Research 
      and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Institute for Public Health, 
      University of Calgary, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, Calgary, Alberta, 
      Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20141217
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Behavioral Symptoms
MH  - Dementia/*psychology/*rehabilitation
MH  - Disease Management
MH  - *Environment Design
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Long-Term Care
MH  - Meta-Analysis as Topic
MH  - Psychotherapy
PMC - PMC4269426
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/12/18 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/13 06:00
PMCR- 2014/12/17
CRDT- 2014/12/18 06:00
PHST- 2014/08/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/12/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/13 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/12/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-35810 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0115425 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Dec 17;9(12):e115425. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115425. 
      eCollection 2014.