PMID- 25523125
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160505
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1532-2653 (Electronic)
IS  - 0967-5868 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 Mar
TI  - Treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy-immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome with intravenous immunoglobulin in a patient with multiple 
      sclerosis treated with fingolimod after discontinuation of natalizumab.
PG  - 598-600
LID - S0967-5868(14)00594-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.08.016 [doi]
AB  - We report a case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy-immune 
      reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a multiple sclerosis (MS) patient 3.5 
      months after fingolimod commencement and 4.5 months after natalizumab (NTZ) 
      cessation. Three cerebrospinal fluid analyses were required before a definitive 
      diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was reached. Intravenous 
      immunoglobulin (IVIG) was subsequently given as the sole MS treatment along with 
      mirtazapine and mefloquine. There has been improvement and subsequent clinical 
      stabilization. The notable features are the difficult timing of fingolimod 
      commencement in the context of previous NTZ therapy, the role of repeated 
      cerebrospinal fluid John Cunningham virus analyses in progressive multifocal 
      leukoencephalopathy diagnosis, and the role of IVIG.
CI  - Crown Copyright (c) 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Calic, Z
AU  - Calic Z
AD  - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, 
      Liverpool BC, NSW 1871, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, 
      University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Cappelen-Smith, C
AU  - Cappelen-Smith C
AD  - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, 
      Liverpool BC, NSW 1871, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, 
      University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: 
      Cecilia.Cappelen-Smith@swsahs.nsw.gov.au.
FAU - Hodgkinson, S J
AU  - Hodgkinson SJ
AD  - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, 
      Liverpool BC, NSW 1871, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, 
      University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
FAU - McDougall, A
AU  - McDougall A
AD  - Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, 
      Liverpool BC, NSW 1871, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, 
      University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Cuganesan, R
AU  - Cuganesan R
AD  - Department of Radiology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool BC, NSW, Australia.
FAU - Brew, B J
AU  - Brew BJ
AD  - Department of Neurology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20141215
PL  - Scotland
TA  - J Clin Neurosci
JT  - Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society 
      of Australasia
JID - 9433352
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulins, Intravenous)
RN  - 0 (Immunologic Factors)
RN  - 0 (Natalizumab)
RN  - G926EC510T (Fingolimod Hydrochloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
MH  - Female
MH  - Fingolimod Hydrochloride/*therapeutic use
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/complications/*drug therapy
MH  - Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/*therapeutic use
MH  - Immunologic Factors/*therapeutic use
MH  - Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/complications/*drug therapy
MH  - Multiple Sclerosis/complications/*drug therapy
MH  - Natalizumab/*therapeutic use
MH  - Retreatment
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Fingolimod
OT  - Intravenous immunoglobulin
OT  - Natalizumab
OT  - PML-IRIS
EDAT- 2014/12/20 06:00
MHDA- 2016/05/06 06:00
CRDT- 2014/12/20 06:00
PHST- 2014/04/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/07/24 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/08/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/12/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/05/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0967-5868(14)00594-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.08.016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Neurosci. 2015 Mar;22(3):598-600. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.08.016. Epub 
      2014 Dec 15.