PMID- 25541252
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151110
LR  - 20150217
IS  - 1873-460X (Electronic)
IS  - 1056-8727 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Mar
TI  - Genetic and epigenetic alterations in Toll like receptor 2 and wound healing 
      impairment in type 2 diabetes patients.
PG  - 222-9
LID - S1056-8727(14)00369-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.11.015 [doi]
AB  - AIM: Persistent hyperglycemic microenvironment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 
      leads to the development of secondary complications like wound healing 
      impairment. Proper co-ordination of innate immune system plays an integral role 
      in wound healing. Toll like receptors (TLRs) are prominent contributors for the 
      induction of the innate immune and inflammation response. TLR2 is an important 
      extracellular member in mammalian TLR family and has been shown to be a potent 
      player in the wound healing mechanism. METHODS: Expressional status of TLR2 was 
      seen in wounds of T2DM cases with respect to the severity of wounds in 110 human 
      lower extremity wounds. The methylation status of TLR2 promoter was also 
      examined. RESULTS: Although TLR2 transcripts were downregulated in T2DM wounds 
      compared to control, their levels tend to increase with the severity of T2DM 
      wounds. The methylation status of TLR2 gene promoter was not significantly 
      different among different grades of wounds in T2DM subjects. The CpG sites 
      investigated were totally or partially methylated in majority of DFU cases. 
      CONCLUSION: TLR2 down regulation in wounds of T2DM patients compared to non 
      diabetic patients may lead to development of non healing chronic ulcers in them.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Singh, Kanhaiya
AU  - Singh K
AD  - Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, 
      Varanasi-221005, India.
FAU - Agrawal, Neeraj K
AU  - Agrawal NK
AD  - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Medical Sciences, 
      Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
FAU - Gupta, Sanjeev K
AU  - Gupta SK
AD  - Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 
      Varanasi-221005, India.
FAU - Mohan, Gyanendra
AU  - Mohan G
AD  - Indian Railway Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, N.E.R., Varanasi- 221002, 
      India.
FAU - Chaturvedi, Sunanda
AU  - Chaturvedi S
AD  - Indian Railway Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, N.E.R., Varanasi- 221002, 
      India.
FAU - Singh, Kiran
AU  - Singh K
AD  - Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, 
      Varanasi-221005, India. Electronic address: singhk4@rediffmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141203
PL  - United States
TA  - J Diabetes Complications
JT  - Journal of diabetes and its complications
JID - 9204583
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (TLR2 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptor 2)
SB  - IM
MH  - Biopsy
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - CpG Islands
MH  - *DNA Methylation
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*complications
MH  - Diabetic Foot/immunology/*metabolism/pathology/physiopathology
MH  - Epigenesis, Genetic
MH  - Female
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Hospitals, University
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunity, Innate
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Promoter Regions, Genetic
MH  - RNA, Messenger/metabolism
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - *Wound Healing
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Epigenetics
OT  - Expression
OT  - TLR2
OT  - Toll like receptor
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
OT  - Wound healing impairment
EDAT- 2014/12/30 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/11 06:00
CRDT- 2014/12/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/11/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/12/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1056-8727(14)00369-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.11.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Diabetes Complications. 2015 Mar;29(2):222-9. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.11.015. Epub 2014 Dec 3.