PMID- 25548025
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151214
LR  - 20231110
IS  - 1879-0046 (Electronic)
IS  - 0376-8716 (Print)
IS  - 0376-8716 (Linking)
VI  - 147
DP  - 2015 Feb 1
TI  - Prevalence and correlates of substance use among trans female youth ages 16-24 
      years in the San Francisco Bay Area.
PG  - 160-6
LID - S0376-8716(14)01936-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.023 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Substance use is highly prevalent among transgender (trans*) females 
      and has been associated with negative health outcomes, including HIV infection. 
      Little is known about psychosocial risk factors that may influence the onset of 
      substance use among trans*female youth, which can contribute to health 
      disparities during adulthood. METHODS: We conducted a secondary data analysis of 
      a study on HIV risk and resilience among trans*female youth (N=292). Prevalence 
      of substance use was assessed and multivariable logistic regression models were 
      used to examine the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 
      psychological distress, gender-related discrimination, parental drug or alcohol 
      problems (PDAP) and multiple substance use outcomes. RESULTS: Most (69%) of the 
      trans*female youth reported recent drug use. In multivariable analyses, those 
      with PTSD had increased odds of drug use [AOR=1.94 (95% CI=1.09-3.44)]. Those who 
      experienced gender-related discrimination had increased odds of drug use 
      [AOR=2.28 (95% CI=1.17-4.44)], drug use concurrent with sex [AOR=2.35 (95% 
      CI=1.11-4.98)] and use of multiple drugs [AOR=3.24 (95% CI=1.52-6.88)]. Those 
      with psychological distress had increased odds of using multiple heavy drugs 
      [AOR=2.27 (95% CI=1.01-5.12)]. Those with PDAP had increased odds of drugs use 
      [AOR=2.62 (95% CI=1.43-4.82)], drug use concurrent with sex [AOR=2.01 (95% CI, 
      1.15-3.51)] and use of multiple drugs [AOR=2.10 (95% CI=1.22-3.62)]. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Substance use is highly prevalent among trans*female youth and was significantly 
      associated with psychosocial risk factors. In order to effectively address 
      substance use among trans*female youth, efforts must address coping related to 
      gender-based discrimination and trauma. Furthermore, structural level 
      interventions aiming to reduce stigma and gender-identity discrimination might 
      also be effective.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Rowe, Chris
AU  - Rowe C
AD  - Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 
      Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States.
FAU - Santos, Glenn-Milo
AU  - Santos GM
AD  - Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 
      Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States.
FAU - McFarland, Willi
AU  - McFarland W
AD  - Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 
      Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States.
FAU - Wilson, Erin C
AU  - Wilson EC
AD  - Center for Public Health Research, San Francisco Department of Public Health, 25 
      Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94102, United States. Electronic address: 
      erincwilson@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 MH062246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH095598/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01MH095598/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20141215
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Drug Alcohol Depend
JT  - Drug and alcohol dependence
JID - 7513587
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Alcoholism/complications/epidemiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Gender Identity
MH  - HIV Infections/complications/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mental Disorders/complications/epidemiology
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - San Francisco/epidemiology
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*epidemiology
MH  - Transgender Persons/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4297727
MID - NIHMS650663
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Discrimination
OT  - Health disparities
OT  - Posttraumatic stress disorder
OT  - Substance use
OT  - Trans*female youth
OT  - Transgender
COIS- Conflict of Interest. No conflict declared
EDAT- 2014/12/31 06:00
MHDA- 2015/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2016/02/01
CRDT- 2014/12/31 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/11/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/12/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0376-8716(14)01936-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Feb 1;147:160-6. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.023. 
      Epub 2014 Dec 15.