PMID- 25548059
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151027
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1098-5336 (Electronic)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Print)
IS  - 0099-2240 (Linking)
VI  - 81
IP  - 5
DP  - 2015 Mar
TI  - Pathogenic potential, genetic diversity, and population structure of Escherichia 
      coli strains isolated from a forest-dominated watershed (Comox Lake) in British 
      Columbia, Canada.
PG  - 1788-98
LID - 10.1128/AEM.03738-14 [doi]
AB  - Escherichia coli isolates (n = 658) obtained from drinking water intakes of Comox 
      Lake (2011 to 2013) were screened for the following virulence genes (VGs): stx1 
      and stx2 (Shiga toxin-producing E. coli [STEC]), eae and the adherence factor 
      (EAF) gene (enteropathogenic E. coli [EPEC]), heat-stable (ST) enterotoxin 
      (variants STh and STp) and heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) genes (enterotoxigenic E. 
      coli [ETEC]), and ipaH (enteroinvasive E. coli [EIEC]). The only genes detected 
      were eae and stx2, which were carried by 37.69% (n = 248) of the isolates. Only 
      eae was harbored by 26.74% (n = 176) of the isolates, representing potential 
      atypical EPEC strains, while only stx2 was detected in 10.33% (n = 68) of the 
      isolates, indicating potential STEC strains. Moreover, four isolates were 
      positive for both the stx2 and eae genes, representing potential EHEC strains. 
      The prevalence of VGs (eae or stx2) was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher in the 
      fall season, and multiple genes (eae plus stx2) were detected only in fall. 
      Repetitive element palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) fingerprint analysis of 658 E. coli 
      isolates identified 335 unique fingerprints, with an overall Shannon diversity 
      (H') index of 3.653. Diversity varied among seasons over the years, with 
      relatively higher diversity during fall. Multivariate analysis of variance 
      (MANOVA) revealed that the majority of the fingerprints showed a tendency to 
      cluster according to year, season, and month. Taken together, the results 
      indicated that the diversity and population structure of E. coli fluctuate on a 
      temporal scale, reflecting the presence of diverse host sources and their 
      behavior over time in the watershed. Furthermore, the occurrence of potentially 
      pathogenic E. coli strains in the drinking water intakes highlights the risk to 
      human health associated with direct and indirect consumption of untreated surface 
      water.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
FAU - Chandran, Abhirosh
AU  - Chandran A
AD  - Water and Aquatic Sciences Research Program, Department of Biology, University of 
      Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada abhirosh@uvic.ca.
FAU - Mazumder, Asit
AU  - Mazumder A
AD  - Water and Aquatic Sciences Research Program, Department of Biology, University of 
      Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141229
PL  - United States
TA  - Appl Environ Microbiol
JT  - Applied and environmental microbiology
JID - 7605801
RN  - 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Virulence Factors)
SB  - IM
EIN - Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Jan 15;82(2):767. PMID: 26744258
MH  - British Columbia
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - DNA Fingerprinting
MH  - Escherichia coli/*classification/genetics/*isolation & purification
MH  - Escherichia coli Proteins/*genetics
MH  - Forests
MH  - *Genetic Variation
MH  - Lakes/*microbiology
MH  - Molecular Typing
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Virulence Factors/*genetics
PMC - PMC4325175
EDAT- 2014/12/31 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/28 06:00
PMCR- 2015/09/01
CRDT- 2014/12/31 06:00
PHST- 2014/12/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/12/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - AEM.03738-14 [pii]
AID - 03738-14 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/AEM.03738-14 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Mar;81(5):1788-98. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03738-14. Epub 
      2014 Dec 29.