PMID- 25573280
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151103
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 1791-2431 (Electronic)
IS  - 1021-335X (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015 Mar
TI  - Aged garlic extract inhibits 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumor 
      development by suppressing cell proliferation.
PG  - 1131-40
LID - 10.3892/or.2014.3705 [doi]
AB  - Garlic and its constituents are reported to have a preventive effect against 
      colorectal cancer in animal models. Aged garlic extract (AGE), which is produced 
      by natural extraction from fresh garlic for more than 10 months in aqueous 
      ethanol, also has reputed chemopreventive effects on colon carcinogenesis, but 
      has never been studied for its effects on colon cancer development. We 
      investigated the antitumor effects of AGE in rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine 
      (DMH)-induced carcinogenesis, and the mechanism of AGE in human colon cancer cell 
      proliferation. F344 rats randomly divided into three groups were administered DMH 
      (20 mg/kg weight) subcutaneously once a week for 8 weeks in a basal diet. After 
      the last injection, one group of rats was then moved onto a basal diet containing 
      3% wt/wt AGE, and rats were sacrificed at 8 or 31 weeks. The number of aberrant 
      crypt foci (ACF), histological type of tumor and proliferative activity of the 
      tumor lesions were analyzed by macroscopic, pathological and immunohistochemical 
      methods. DLD-1 human colon cancer cells were utilized to investigate the effect 
      of AGE on anti-cell proliferation. AGE decreased the number of ACF but had no 
      effect on gross tumor pathology. AGE showed a lower number of adenoma and 
      adenocarcinoma lesions by histological analysis. Immunohistochemical staining 
      indicated that AGE suppressed the proliferative activity in adenoma and 
      adenocarcinoma lesions, but showed no effect on normal colon mucosa. Moreover, we 
      demonstrated that AGE delayed cell cycle progression by downregulating cyclin B1 
      and cdk1 expression via inactivation of NF-kappaB in the human colorectal cancer 
      cells but did not induce apoptosis. These findings suggest that AGE has an 
      antitumor effect through suppression of cell proliferation.
FAU - Jikihara, Hiroshi
AU  - Jikihara H
AD  - Program in Biological System Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 
      Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
FAU - Qi, Guangying
AU  - Qi G
AD  - Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Culture Science, Prefectural 
      University of Hiroshima, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
FAU - Nozoe, Koichiro
AU  - Nozoe K
AD  - Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Culture Science, Prefectural 
      University of Hiroshima, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
FAU - Hirokawa, Mayumi
AU  - Hirokawa M
AD  - Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Culture Science, Prefectural 
      University of Hiroshima, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
FAU - Sato, Hiromi
AU  - Sato H
AD  - Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Culture Science, Prefectural 
      University of Hiroshima, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
FAU - Sugihara, Yuka
AU  - Sugihara Y
AD  - Program in Biological System Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 
      Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
FAU - Shimamoto, Fumio
AU  - Shimamoto F
AD  - Program in Biological System Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 
      Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8558, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141230
PL  - Greece
TA  - Oncol Rep
JT  - Oncology reports
JID - 9422756
RN  - 0 (Anticarcinogenic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Carcinogens)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - IX068S9745 (1,2-Dimethylhydrazine)
SB  - IM
MH  - 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine/toxicity
MH  - Adenocarcinoma/pathology
MH  - Adenoma/pathology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anticarcinogenic Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Carcinogens/toxicity
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Proliferation/*drug effects
MH  - Colonic Neoplasms/*pathology
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - Garlic
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Male
MH  - Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
MH  - Phytotherapy/*methods
MH  - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Inbred F344
EDAT- 2015/01/13 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/04 06:00
CRDT- 2015/01/10 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/11/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/01/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/01/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3892/or.2014.3705 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Oncol Rep. 2015 Mar;33(3):1131-40. doi: 10.3892/or.2014.3705. Epub 2014 Dec 30.