PMID- 25599008
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 2161-6728 (Print)
IS  - 2161-6752 (Electronic)
IS  - 2161-6728 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014 Oct
TI  - Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of 
      Alzheimer's: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study.
PG  - 43-57
AB  - Increased physical activity and higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet 
      (MeDi) have been independently associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's 
      disease (AD). Their association has not been investigated with the use of 
      biomarkers. This study examines whether, among cognitively normal (NL) 
      individuals, those who are less physically active and show lower MeDi adherence 
      have brain biomarker abnormalities consistent with AD. METHODS: Forty-five NL 
      individuals (age 54 +/- 11, 71% women) with complete leisure time physical activity 
      (LTA), dietary information, and cross-sectional 3D T1-weigthed MRI, 
      (11)C-Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron 
      Emission Tomography (PET) scans were examined. Voxel-wise multivariate partial 
      least square (PLS) regression was used to examine the effects of LTA, MeDi and 
      their interaction on brain biomarkers. Age, gender, ethnicity, education, caloric 
      intake, BMI, family history of AD, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, presence of 
      hypertension and insulin resistance were examined as confounds. Subjects were 
      dichotomized into more and less physically active (LTA+ vs. LTA-; n = 21 vs. 24), 
      and into higher vs. lower MeDi adherence groups (n = 18 vs. 27) using published 
      scoring methods. Spatial patterns of brain biomarkers that represented the 
      optimal association between the images and the groups were generated for all 
      modalities using voxel-wise multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. 
      RESULTS: Groups were comparable for clinical and neuropsychological measures. 
      Independent effects of LTA and MeDi factors were observed in AD-vulnerable brain 
      regions for all modalities (p < 0.001). Increased AD-burden (in particular higher 
      Abeta load and lower glucose metabolism) were observed in LTA- compared to LTA+ 
      subjects, and in MeDi- as compared to MeDi+ subjects. A gradient effect was 
      observed for all modalities so that LTA-/MeDi- subjects had the highest and 
      LTA+/MeDi+ subjects had the lowest AD-burden (p < 0.001), although the LTA x MeDi 
      interaction was significant only for FDG measures (p < 0.03). Adjusting for 
      covariates did not attenuate these relationships. CONCLUSION: Lower physical 
      activity and MeDi adherence were associated with increased brain AD-burden among 
      NL individuals, indicating that lifestyle factors may modulate AD risk. Studies 
      with larger samples and longitudinal evaluations are needed to determine the 
      predictive power of the observed associations.
FAU - Matthews, Dawn C
AU  - Matthews DC
AD  - ADM Diagnostics, Chicago, USA.
FAU - Davies, Michelle
AU  - Davies M
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Murray, John
AU  - Murray J
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Williams, Schantel
AU  - Williams S
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Tsui, Wai H
AU  - Tsui WH
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Li, Yi
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Andrews, Randolph D
AU  - Andrews RD
AD  - ADM Diagnostics, Chicago, USA.
FAU - Lukic, Ana
AU  - Lukic A
AD  - ADM Diagnostics, Chicago, USA.
FAU - McHugh, Pauline
AU  - McHugh P
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Vallabhajosula, Shankar
AU  - Vallabhajosula S
AD  - Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, 
      USA.
FAU - de Leon, Mony J
AU  - de Leon MJ
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
FAU - Mosconi, Lisa
AU  - Mosconi L
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 AG008051/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AG013616/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AG035137/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Adv J Mol Imaging
JT  - Advances in molecular imaging
JID - 101632146
PMC - PMC4294269
MID - NIHMS646686
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's Disease
OT  - Amyloid
OT  - Brain Aging
OT  - Early Detection
OT  - Glucose Metabolism
OT  - MRI
OT  - Mediterranean Diet
OT  - PET Imaging
OT  - Physical activity
EDAT- 2015/01/20 06:00
MHDA- 2015/01/20 06:01
PMCR- 2015/01/14
CRDT- 2015/01/20 06:00
PHST- 2015/01/20 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/01/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/20 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4236/ami.2014.44006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Adv J Mol Imaging. 2014 Oct;4(4):43-57. doi: 10.4236/ami.2014.44006.