PMID- 25626600
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150928
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1399-0039 (Electronic)
IS  - 0001-2815 (Linking)
VI  - 85
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - B-cell biomarkers in transplantation--from genes to therapy.
PG  - 82-92
LID - 10.1111/tan.12520 [doi]
AB  - An increased understanding of the mechanisms by which the immune system mounts a 
      response to transplanted organs has allowed the development of immunosuppressive 
      regimens that limit acute T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR). However, the 
      treatment of acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) in kidney 
      transplants remains sub-optimal. The occurrence and severity of antibody-mediated 
      graft pathology are variable, and genetic polymorphisms that affect the magnitude 
      and nature of the B-cell response, as well as effector functions of antibody, are 
      likely to contribute to such phenotypic variation. Here we review current efforts 
      to understand and quantify the contribution of B cells to renal transplant 
      pathology by studying variation in DNA, mRNA and proteins. Large genetic studies 
      with information on B-cell-specific genetic variants are scarce. At a 
      transcriptomic level, there is evidence that B cells are essential contributors 
      to transplant tolerance and may protect against TCMR and ABMR. In contrast, at 
      the protein level, the detection of donor-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) 
      antibodies and an assessment of their capacity to bind complement allow patients 
      of high immunological risk to be identified. Other biomarkers, such as serum 
      B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) or interleukin (IL)-10-producing B cells, may 
      allow this risk stratification to be refined. An increased understanding of the 
      significance of these biomarkers should allow a more accurate assessment of how 
      an individual patient's B cells will impact allograft responses and thereby allow 
      clinicians to adjust therapeutic strategies appropriately.
CI  - (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Banham, G D
AU  - Banham GD
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, 
      Cambridge, UK.
FAU - Clatworthy, M R
AU  - Clatworthy MR
LA  - eng
GR  - Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Tissue Antigens
JT  - Tissue antigens
JID - 0331072
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - B-Lymphocytes/*immunology
MH  - Biomarkers/*metabolism
MH  - *Genes
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Kidney Transplantation
MH  - Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
MH  - Transcriptome/genetics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - B cells
OT  - genetic variation
OT  - kidney transplantation
OT  - tolerance
OT  - transcriptomics
EDAT- 2015/01/30 06:00
MHDA- 2015/09/29 06:00
CRDT- 2015/01/29 06:00
PHST- 2015/01/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/01/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/09/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/tan.12520 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Tissue Antigens. 2015 Feb;85(2):82-92. doi: 10.1111/tan.12520.