PMID- 25641850 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20160121 LR - 20160511 IS - 2042-6984 (Electronic) IS - 2042-6976 (Linking) VI - 5 IP - 4 DP - 2015 Apr TI - Gram-negative bacterial carriage in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis is not associated with more severe inflammation. PG - 289-93 LID - 10.1002/alr.21481 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: We have previously demonstrated that persistent symptoms following functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is associated with Gram-negative bacterial carriage. Mechanisms for this remain unknown. We wished to determine whether Gram-negative carriage in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis is associated with a more severe inflammatory phenomenon. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty-seven patients with CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) previously phenotyped for genetic association studies with questionnaire, serum biomarkers, and endoscopically-obtained swab cultures were studied. These were separated according to the presence (wGN) or absence (sGN) of Gram-negative bacterial carriage; demographic parameters and available serum biomarkers (complete blood count [CBC], total immunoglobulin E [IgE]) were then compared. Subgroup analysis for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (GNwPa) and non-Pseudomonas Gram-negative bacteria (GNsPs) was performed in order to explore potentially differential roles of these bacteria. RESULTS: Gram-negative bacterial carriage was not associated with a difference in demographic parameters or serum biomarkers. However, P. aeruginosa carriage was associated with a higher self-reported incidence of asthma (GNwPa 79%, sGN 57%; p = 0.048). Interestingly, serum IgE was increased in the non-Pseudomonas Gram-negative population (GNsPs: 338 IU/mL, sGN: 195 IU/mL; p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: CRSwNP patients colonized with Gram-negative bacteria have a similar pattern of inflammation as assessed by serum biomarkers to those colonized with Gram-positive ones. Gram-negative bacteria may contribute to development of a T helper 2 (Th2) phenotype via other mechanisms, possibly via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated interleukin 33 (IL-33) production. Differences in phenotype associated with Pseudomonas species carriage suggest a different behavior than other Gram-negative bacteria, supporting their importance as disease modifiers in CRSwNP. CI - (c) 2015 ARS-AAOA, LLC. FAU - Tabet, Paul AU - Tabet P AD - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada. FAU - Endam, Leandra Mfuna AU - Endam LM FAU - Boisvert, Pierre AU - Boisvert P FAU - Boulet, Louis-Philippe AU - Boulet LP FAU - Desrosiers, Martin AU - Desrosiers M LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150130 PL - United States TA - Int Forum Allergy Rhinol JT - International forum of allergy & rhinology JID - 101550261 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Inflammation Mediators) RN - 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin E) SB - IM MH - Asthma/epidemiology MH - Biomarkers/blood MH - Chronic Disease MH - Gram-Negative Bacteria/*isolation & purification MH - Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/*microbiology MH - Humans MH - Immunoglobulin E/blood MH - Incidence MH - Inflammation Mediators/*blood MH - Middle Aged MH - Nasal Polyps/*microbiology MH - Rhinitis/*microbiology MH - Sinusitis/*microbiology MH - Th1 Cells/immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gram-negative bacteria OT - Pseudomonas aeruginosa OT - biomarkers OT - chronic rhinosinusitis OT - inflammation EDAT- 2015/02/03 06:00 MHDA- 2016/01/23 06:00 CRDT- 2015/02/03 06:00 PHST- 2014/08/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/10/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/12/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/02/03 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/02/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2016/01/23 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1002/alr.21481 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015 Apr;5(4):289-93. doi: 10.1002/alr.21481. Epub 2015 Jan 30.