PMID- 25645330
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160219
LR  - 20181202
IS  - 1471-2334 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2334 (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2015 Feb 3
TI  - Immune response to Leishmania antigens in an AIDS patient with mucocutaneous 
      leishmaniasis as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome 
      (IRIS): a case report.
PG  - 38
LID - 10.1186/s12879-015-0774-6 [doi]
LID - 38
AB  - BACKGROUND: After the onset of HAART, some HIV-infected individuals under 
      treatment present a exacerbated inflammation in response to a latent or a 
      previously treated opportunistic pathogen termed immune reconstitution 
      inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Few reports of tegumentary leishmaniasis have been 
      described in association with IRIS. Moreover, the immunopathogenesis of IRIS in 
      association with Leishmania is unclear. CASE PRESENTATION: The present study 
      reports on a 29-year-old HIV-infected individual who developed mucocutaneous 
      leishmaniasis associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) 
      five months following highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Severe 
      lesions resulted in the partial destruction of the nasal septum, with improvement 
      observed 15 days after treatment with Amphotericin B and corticosteroids. The 
      immune response of this patient was evaluated before and after the lesions 
      healed. IRIS was diagnosed in association with high levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6. 
      Decreased production of IFN-gamma and a low IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio were also observed in 
      response to Leishmania antigens. After receiving anti-leishmanial treatment, the 
      individual's specific Th1 immune response was restored. CONCLUSION: The results 
      suggest that the production of inflammatory cytokines by unstimulated 
      T-lymphocytes could contribute to occurrence of leishmaniasis associated with 
      IRIS.
FAU - Gois, Luana
AU  - Gois L
AD  - Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, 
      Bahia, Brazil. lualeandro1@hotmail.com.
FAU - Badaro, Roberto
AU  - Badaro R
AD  - Hospital Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 
      Brazil. rbadaro884@gmail.com.
FAU - Schooley, Robert
AU  - Schooley R
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA. 
      rschooley@ucsd.edu.
FAU - Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios
AU  - Grassi MF
AD  - Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, 
      Bahia, Brazil. grassi@bahia.fiocruz.br.
LA  - eng
GR  - P30 AI036214/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30AI036214/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150203
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Infect Dis
JT  - BMC infectious diseases
JID - 100968551
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Protozoan)
SB  - IM
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications/*diagnosis
MH  - Adult
MH  - Antigens, Protozoan/blood
MH  - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/complications/*diagnosis
MH  - Leishmania/immunology
MH  - Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/complications/*diagnosis
MH  - Male
PMC - PMC4323250
EDAT- 2015/02/04 06:00
MHDA- 2016/02/20 06:00
PMCR- 2015/02/03
CRDT- 2015/02/04 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/02/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/02/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s12879-015-0774-6 [pii]
AID - 774 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12879-015-0774-6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Infect Dis. 2015 Feb 3;15:38. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-0774-6.