PMID- 25646330 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20150320 LR - 20230318 IS - 1938-3207 (Electronic) IS - 0002-9165 (Linking) VI - 101 IP - 2 DP - 2015 Feb TI - Infant feeding effects on early neurocognitive development in Asian children. PG - 326-36 LID - 10.3945/ajcn.114.095414 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding has been shown to enhance global measures of intelligence in children. However, few studies have examined associations between breastfeeding and specific cognitive task performance in the first 2 y of life, particularly in an Asian population. OBJECTIVE: We assessed associations between early infant feeding and detailed measures of cognitive development in the first 2 y of life in healthy Asian children born at term. DESIGN: In a prospective cohort study, neurocognitive testing was performed in 408 healthy children (aged 6, 18, and 24 mo) from uncomplicated pregnancies (i.e., birth weight >2500 and <4000 g, gestational age >/=37 wk, and 5-min Apgar score >/=9). Tests included memory (deferred imitation, relational binding, habituation) and attention tasks (visual expectation, auditory oddball) as well as the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III). Children were stratified into 3 groups (low, intermediate, and high) on the basis of breastfeeding duration and exclusivity. RESULTS: After potential confounding variables were controlled for, significant associations and dose-response relations were observed for 4 of the 15 tests. Higher breastfeeding exposure was associated with better memory at 6 mo, demonstrated by greater preferential looking toward correctly matched items during early portions of a relational memory task (i.e., relational binding task: P-trend = 0.015 and 0.050 for the first two 1000-ms time bins, respectively). No effects of breastfeeding were observed at 18 mo. At 24 mo, breastfed children were more likely to display sequential memory during a deferred imitation memory task (P-trend = 0.048), and toddlers with more exposure to breastfeeding scored higher in receptive language [+0.93 (0.23, 1.63) and +1.08 (0.10, 2.07) for intermediate- and high-breastfeeding groups, respectively, compared with the low-breastfeeding group], as well as expressive language [+0.58 (-0.06, 1.23) and +1.22 (0.32, 2.12) for intermediate- and high-breastfeeding groups, respectively] assessed via the BSID-III. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest small but significant benefits of breastfeeding for some aspects of memory and language development in the first 2 y of life, with significant improvements in only 4 of 15 indicators. Whether the implicated processes confer developmental advantages is unknown and represents an important area for future research. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875. CI - (c) 2015 American Society for Nutrition. FAU - Cai, Shirong AU - Cai S AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Pang, Wei Wei AU - Pang WW AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Low, Yen Ling AU - Low YL AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Sim, Lit Wee AU - Sim LW AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Sam, Suet Chian AU - Sam SC AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Bruntraeger, Michaela Bianka AU - Bruntraeger MB AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Wong, Eric Qinlong AU - Wong EQ AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Fok, Doris AU - Fok D AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Broekman, Birit F P AU - Broekman BF AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Singh, Leher AU - Singh L AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Richmond, Jenny AU - Richmond J AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Agarwal, Pratibha AU - Agarwal P AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Qiu, Anqi AU - Qiu A AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Saw, Seang Mei AU - Saw SM AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Yap, Fabian AU - Yap F AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Godfrey, Keith M AU - Godfrey KM AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Gluckman, Peter D AU - Gluckman PD AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Chong, Yap-Seng AU - Chong YS AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Meaney, Michael J AU - Meaney MJ AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Kramer, Michael S AU - Kramer MS AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. FAU - Rifkin-Graboi, Anne AU - Rifkin-Graboi A AD - From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SC, WWP, DF, Y-SC, and MSK) and Psychological Medicine (BFPB), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; the Departments of Psychology (LS) and Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Centre (AQ); and the Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health (SMS), National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore; the Abbott Nutrition Research and Development Asia-Pacific Center, Singapore (YLL); the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology Research (ASTAR), Singapore (LWS, SCS, MBB, EQW, AQ, BFPB, PDG, Y-SC, MJM, and AR-G); the School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (JR); the Departments of Neonatology (PA) and Pediatrics (FY), Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK (KMG); Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (PDG); and the Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health (MSK), Pediatrics (MSK), and Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery (MJM), McGill University, Montreal, Canada. CN - GUSTO Study Group LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01174875 GR - MC_UU_12011/4/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20141210 PL - United States TA - Am J Clin Nutr JT - The American journal of clinical nutrition JID - 0376027 SB - IM MH - *Asian People MH - *Breast Feeding MH - Child Behavior MH - Child Development/*physiology MH - Child, Preschool MH - Cognition/*physiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Intelligence/physiology MH - Language Development MH - Linear Models MH - Male MH - Memory/physiology MH - Prospective Studies MH - Social Behavior MH - Socioeconomic Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Asian OT - attention OT - breastfeeding OT - cognition OT - electrophysiology OT - eyetracking OT - infant OT - memory OT - nutrition OT - toddler FIR - Biswas, Arijit IR - Biswas A FIR - Bong, Choon Looi IR - Bong CL FIR - Chan, Jerry Kok Yen IR - Chan JK FIR - Chan, Yiong Huak IR - Chan YH FIR - Chee, Cornelia Yin Ing IR - Chee CY FIR - Chen, Helen Y H IR - Chen HY FIR - Cheung, Yin Bun IR - Cheung YB FIR - Chia, Audrey IR - Chia A FIR - Chinnadurai, Amutha IR - Chinnadurai A FIR - Chng, Chai Kiat IR - Chng CK FIR - Chong, Mary Foong-Fong IR - Chong MF FIR - Chong, Shang Chee IR - Chong SC FIR - Chua, Mei Chien IR - Chua MC FIR - Ding, Chun Ming IR - Ding CM FIR - Finkelstein, Eric Andrew IR - Finkelstein EA FIR - Fortier, Marielle IR - Fortier M FIR - Goh, Anne Eng Neo IR - Goh AE FIR - Goh, Yam Thiam Daniel IR - Goh YT FIR - Gooley, Joshua J IR - Gooley JJ FIR - Han, Wee Meng IR - Han WM FIR - Hanson, Mark IR - Hanson M FIR - Henry, Christiani Jeyakumar IR - Henry CJ FIR - Holbrook, Joanna D IR - Holbrook JD FIR - Hsu, Chin-Ying IR - Hsu CY FIR - Inskip, Hazel IR - Inskip H FIR - Kapur, Jeevesh IR - Kapur J FIR - Kwek, Kenneth IR - Kwek K FIR - Lau, Ivy Yee-Man IR - Lau IY FIR - Lee, Bee Wah IR - Lee BW FIR - Lee, Yung Seng IR - Lee YS FIR - Lek, Ngee IR - Lek N FIR - Lim, Sok Bee IR - Lim SB FIR - Magiati, Iliana IR - Magiati I FIR - Daniel, Lourdes Mary IR - Daniel LM FIR - Ngo, Cheryl IR - Ngo C FIR - Niduvaje, Krishnamoorthy IR - Niduvaje K FIR - Quah, Boon Long IR - Quah BL FIR - Rajadurai, Victor Samuel IR - Rajadurai VS FIR - Rauff, Mary IR - Rauff M FIR - Rebello, Salome A IR - Rebello SA FIR - Shek, Lynette Pei-Chi IR - Shek LP FIR - Sheppard, Allan IR - Sheppard A FIR - Shuter, Borys IR - Shuter B FIR - Singh, Leher IR - Singh L FIR - Soh, Shu-E IR - Soh SE FIR - Stunkel, Walter IR - Stunkel W FIR - Su, Lin Lin IR - Su LL FIR - Tan, Kok Hian IR - Tan KH FIR - Teoh, Oon Hoe IR - Teoh OH FIR - Tint, Mya Thway IR - Tint MT FIR - van Bever, Hugo P S IR - van Bever HP FIR - van Dam, Rob M IR - van Dam RM FIR - Wong, Inez Bik Yun IR - Wong IB FIR - Wong, P C IR - Wong PC FIR - Yeo, George Seow Heong IR - Yeo GS EDAT- 2015/02/04 06:00 MHDA- 2015/03/21 06:00 CRDT- 2015/02/04 06:00 PHST- 2015/02/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/02/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/03/21 06:00 [medline] AID - S0002-9165(22)04978-4 [pii] AID - 10.3945/ajcn.114.095414 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Feb;101(2):326-36. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.095414. Epub 2014 Dec 10.