PMID- 25650433
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151001
LR  - 20200220
IS  - 0032-5791 (Print)
IS  - 0032-5791 (Linking)
VI  - 94
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - Effects of dietary organic chromium and vitamin C supplementation on performance, 
      immune responses, blood metabolites, and stress status of laying hens subjected 
      to high stocking density.
PG  - 281-8
LID - 10.3382/ps/peu074 [doi]
AB  - The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary 
      supplementation of chromium-methionine (CrMet) and vitamin C (VC) on performance, 
      immune response, and stress status of laying hens subjected to high stocking 
      density. A total of 360 Hy-Line W-36 leghorn hens (at 26 wk old) were used in a 
      2x3x2 factorial arrangement that had 2 cage densities (5 and 7 hens per cage), 3 
      Cr levels (0, 500, and 1,000 ppb as CrMet), and 2 dietary VC levels (0 and 500 
      ppm as L-ascorbic acid). The trial lasted for 12 wk. The first 2 wk were for 
      adaptation (26 to 28 wk of age), and the remaining 10 wk served as the main 
      recording period. In addition to performance, immune response to Newcastle 
      disease virus (NDV) was assessed at d 7 and 14 postvaccination. Also, the birds' 
      stress status was evaluated by analyzing appropriate plasma metabolites. The 
      results showed that hens in cages with higher stocking density had lower hen-day 
      egg production, egg mass, and feed intake compared with those in normal density 
      cages (P<0.05). Dietary CrMet supplementation caused significant increases in egg 
      production and egg mass (P<0.01). There were significant Cr x VC interactions 
      related to egg production and feed conversion efficiency (P<0.01); dietary CrMet 
      supplementation was more effective in improving egg production and feed 
      conversion ratio in VC-unsupplemented diets. Although plasma concentrations of 
      triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins were not influenced by dietary 
      treatments, supplemental CrMet decreased plasma cholesterol levels (P<0.05). 
      Plasma insulin and glucose levels of hens kept at a density of 7 hens/cage were 
      significantly higher than those of hens in normal cage density (P<0.01), and 
      dietary CrMet supplementation decreased plasma concentrations of insulin 
      (P<0.001) and glucose (P<0.01), with higher impacts in high stocking 
      density-challenged hens. While high stocking density caused a marked increase in 
      plasma corticosterone (P<0.01), both supplemental CrMet and VC decreased it to 
      near normal levels. There were significant stocking densityxCr interactions 
      related to plasma insulin and corticosterone concentrations (P<0.01); 
      supplemental CrMet was more effective in lowering these hormones in high stocking 
      density-challenged hens. The high stocking density challenge suppressed NDV 
      antibody response (P<0.001), while dietary supplementation of CrMet improved 
      antibody titers against NDV at d 14 post vaccination particularly in hens kept at 
      a density of 7 hens/cage (P<0.01). From the present observations, it can be 
      concluded that CrMet can improve laying performance largely because it alleviates 
      harmful responses to stressful conditions.
CI  - (c) 2015 Poultry Science Association Inc.
FAU - Mirfendereski, E
AU  - Mirfendereski E
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of 
      Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
FAU - Jahanian, R
AU  - Jahanian R
AD  - Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of 
      Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran r.jahanian@cc.iut.ac.ir 
      r.jahanian@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150202
PL  - England
TA  - Poult Sci
JT  - Poultry science
JID - 0401150
RN  - 0R0008Q3JB (Chromium)
RN  - PQ6CK8PD0R (Ascorbic Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animal Feed/analysis
MH  - *Animal Husbandry
MH  - Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
MH  - Animals
MH  - Ascorbic Acid/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Chickens/blood/immunology/*physiology
MH  - Chromium/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Diet/*veterinary
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Female
MH  - Stress, Physiological/*drug effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - chromium-methionine
OT  - corticosterone
OT  - laying hen
OT  - stressful condition
OT  - vitamin C
EDAT- 2015/02/05 06:00
MHDA- 2015/10/02 06:00
CRDT- 2015/02/05 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/02/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/10/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0032-5791(19)32431-9 [pii]
AID - 10.3382/ps/peu074 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Poult Sci. 2015 Feb;94(2):281-8. doi: 10.3382/ps/peu074. Epub 2015 Feb 2.