PMID- 25664999
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160119
LR  - 20150501
IS  - 1439-3964 (Electronic)
IS  - 0172-4622 (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 5
DP  - 2015 May
TI  - The Effect of Fish Oil, Vitamin D and Protein on URTI Incidence in Young Active 
      People.
PG  - 426-30
LID - 10.1055/s-0034-1394464 [doi]
AB  - Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are a frequent illness among athletes. 
      We investigated the effect of a multi-nutrient supplement (vitamin D, fish oil 
      and protein) on the occurrence of URTI in young active people. 42 young 
      recreational athletes were randomly assigned to receive either supplementation 
      (550 mg DHA, 550 mg EPA, 10 microg vitamin D3 and 8 g whey protein) or placebo for 16 
      weeks. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected by passive drool. Samples were 
      analysed for IgA (sIgA) concentration and the secretion rate extrapolated by 
      multiplying concentration by saliva flow rate. Physical activity levels and URTI 
      incidence were monitored by questionnaire. Training status was not different 
      between the 2 groups. There were no differences in the incidence, severity and 
      duration of URTI. However the number of symptom days was lower in the 
      supplemented compared to the control group (1.72+/-1.67 vs. 2.79+/-1.76; P<0.05). 
      sIgA concentration and secretion rate did not differ between groups. This study 
      demonstrates that 16 weeks of supplementation with fish oil, vitamin D and 
      protein did not modify the incidence, severity and duration of URTI, although the 
      total number of symptom days was reduced, in a healthy active population.
CI  - (c) Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart . New York.
FAU - Da Boit, M
AU  - Da Boit M
AD  - Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
FAU - Gabriel, B M
AU  - Gabriel BM
AD  - Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
FAU - Gray, P
AU  - Gray P
AD  - Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
FAU - Gray, S R
AU  - Gray SR
AD  - Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150209
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int J Sports Med
JT  - International journal of sports medicine
JID - 8008349
RN  - 0 (Fish Oils)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin A, Secretory)
RN  - 0 (Whey Proteins)
RN  - 1406-16-2 (Vitamin D)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - *Dietary Supplements
MH  - Female
MH  - Fish Oils/*administration & dosage
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/analysis
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Male
MH  - Motor Activity/*physiology
MH  - Respiratory Tract Infections/*epidemiology
MH  - Saliva/immunology
MH  - Time Factors
MH  - Vitamin D/*administration & dosage
MH  - Whey Proteins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Young Adult
EDAT- 2015/02/11 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/20 06:00
CRDT- 2015/02/10 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/20 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1055/s-0034-1394464 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Sports Med. 2015 May;36(5):426-30. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1394464. Epub 2015 
      Feb 9.