PMID- 25675099
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151113
LR  - 20220316
IS  - 1553-7374 (Electronic)
IS  - 1553-7366 (Print)
IS  - 1553-7366 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Feb
TI  - The intracellular bacterium Wolbachia uses parasitoid wasps as phoretic vectors 
      for efficient horizontal transmission.
PG  - e1004672
LID - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004672 [doi]
LID - e1004672
AB  - Facultative bacterial endosymbionts are associated with many arthropods and are 
      primarily transmitted vertically from mother to offspring. However, phylogenetic 
      affiliations suggest that horizontal transmission must also occur. Such 
      horizontal transfer can have important biological and agricultural consequences 
      when endosymbionts increase host fitness. So far horizontal transmission is 
      considered rare and has been difficult to document. Here, we use fluorescence in 
      situ hybridization (FISH) and multi locus sequence typing (MLST) to reveal a 
      potentially common pathway of horizontal transmission of endosymbionts via 
      parasitoids of insects. We illustrate that the mouthparts and ovipositors of an 
      aphelinid parasitoid become contaminated with Wolbachia when this wasp feeds on 
      or probes Wolbachia-infected Bemisia tabaci AsiaII7, and non-lethal probing of 
      uninfected B. tabaci AsiaII7 nymphs by parasitoids carrying Wolbachia resulted in 
      newly and stably infected B. tabaci matrilines. After they were exposed to 
      infected whitefly, the parasitoids were able to transmit Wolbachia efficiently 
      for the following 48 h. Whitefly infected with Wolbachia by parasitoids had 
      increased survival and reduced development times. Overall, our study provides 
      evidence for the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between insect hosts by 
      parasitic wasps, and the enhanced survival and reproductive abilities of insect 
      hosts may adversely affect biological control programs.
FAU - Ahmed, Muhammad Z
AU  - Ahmed MZ
AD  - Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; 
      Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
FAU - Li, Shao-Jian
AU  - Li SJ
AD  - Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Xue, Xia
AU  - Xue X
AD  - Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Yin, Xiang-Jie
AU  - Yin XJ
AD  - Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Ren, Shun-Xiang
AU  - Ren SX
AD  - Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Jiggins, Francis M
AU  - Jiggins FM
AD  - Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
FAU - Greeff, Jaco M
AU  - Greeff JM
AD  - Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
FAU - Qiu, Bao-Li
AU  - Qiu BL
AD  - Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150212
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS Pathog
JT  - PLoS pathogens
JID - 101238921
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytoplasm/*metabolism
MH  - Hemiptera/*microbiology
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Multilocus Sequence Typing/methods
MH  - Wasps/genetics/*microbiology
MH  - *Wolbachia/genetics
PMC - PMC4347858
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2015/11/14 06:00
PMCR- 2015/02/12
CRDT- 2015/02/13 06:00
PHST- 2014/02/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/02/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/11/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/02/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PPATHOGENS-D-14-00500 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004672 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS Pathog. 2015 Feb 12;10(2):e1004672. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004672. 
      eCollection 2015 Feb.