PMID- 25687243
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151221
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 1873-5347 (Electronic)
IS  - 0277-9536 (Print)
IS  - 0277-9536 (Linking)
VI  - 130
DP  - 2015 Apr
TI  - The role of neighborhood characteristics in racial/ethnic disparities in type 2 
      diabetes: results from the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey.
PG  - 79-90
LID - S0277-9536(15)00067-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.01.041 [doi]
AB  - Racial/ethnic disparities in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 
      are well documented and until recently, research has focused almost exclusively 
      on individual-based determinants as potential contributors to these disparities 
      (health behaviors, biological/genetic factors, and individual-level 
      socio-demographics). Research on the role of neighborhood characteristics in 
      relation to racial/ethnic disparities in T2DM is very limited. Therefore, the aim 
      of this research is to identify and estimate the contribution of specific aspects 
      of neighborhoods that may be associated with racial/ethnic disparities in T2DM. 
      Data from the Boston Area Community Health III Survey (N = 2764) was used in this 
      study, which is a community-based random-sample survey of adults in Boston, 
      Massachusetts from three racial/ethnic groups (Black, Hispanic, and White). We 
      applied two-level random intercepts logistic regression to assess the 
      associations between race/ethnicity, neighborhood characteristics (census tract 
      socioeconomic status, racial composition, property and violent crime, open space, 
      geographic proximity to grocery stores, convenience stores, and fast food, and 
      neighborhood disorder) and prevalent T2DM (fasting glucose > 125 mg/dL, HbA1c >/= 
      6.5%, or self-report of a T2DM diagnosis). Black and Hispanic participants had 
      2.89 times and 1.48 times the odds of T2DM as White participants, respectively. 
      Multilevel models indicated a significant between-neighborhood variance estimate 
      of 0.943, providing evidence of neighborhood variation. Individual demographics 
      (race/ethnicity, age and gender) explained 22.3% of the neighborhood variability 
      in T2DM. The addition of neighborhood-level variables to the model had very 
      little effect on the magnitude of the racial/ethnic disparities and on the 
      between-neighborhood variability. For example, census tract poverty explained 
      less than 1% and 6% of the excess odds of T2DM among Blacks and Hispanics and 
      only 1.8% of the neighborhood variance in T2DM. While the findings of this study 
      overall suggest that neighborhood factors are not a major contributor to 
      racial/ethnic disparities in T2DM, further research is needed including data from 
      other geographic locations.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Piccolo, Rebecca S
AU  - Piccolo RS
AD  - New England Research Institutes, Inc., USA. Electronic address: 
      rpiccolo@neriscience.com.
FAU - Duncan, Dustin T
AU  - Duncan DT
AD  - Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, USA.
FAU - Pearce, Neil
AU  - Pearce N
AD  - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
FAU - McKinlay, John B
AU  - McKinlay JB
AD  - New England Research Institutes, Inc., USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 DK080786/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK080786/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20150204
PL  - England
TA  - Soc Sci Med
JT  - Social science & medicine (1982)
JID - 8303205
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Black or African American/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Boston/epidemiology
MH  - Crime
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*ethnology
MH  - Environment
MH  - Ethnicity/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Behavior
MH  - *Health Status Disparities
MH  - Health Surveys
MH  - Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Racial Groups/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Residence Characteristics/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
MH  - White People/statistics & numerical data
PMC - PMC4735876
MID - NIHMS661162
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Boston Massachusetts
OT  - Contextual research
OT  - Disparities
OT  - Local environment
OT  - Multilevel modeling
OT  - Neighborhood research
OT  - Race/ethnicity
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
EDAT- 2015/02/18 06:00
MHDA- 2015/12/22 06:00
PMCR- 2016/04/01
CRDT- 2015/02/18 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/12/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0277-9536(15)00067-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.01.041 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Soc Sci Med. 2015 Apr;130:79-90. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.01.041. Epub 2015 
      Feb 4.