PMID- 25698091
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20161213
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1305-3612 (Electronic)
IS  - 1305-3825 (Print)
IS  - 1305-3825 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015 Mar-Apr
TI  - Thoracic manifestations of paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory 
      syndrome during or after antituberculous therapy in HIV-negative patients.
PG  - 134-9
LID - 10.5152/dir.2014.14212 [doi]
AB  - Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a consequence of 
      exaggerated and dysregulated host's inflammatory response to invading 
      microorganism, leading to uncontrolled inflammatory reactions. IRIS associated 
      with tuberculosis (TB) is well recognized among human immunodeficiency virus 
      (HIV)-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy, but it is 
      less common among HIV-negative patients. IRIS can manifest as a paradoxical 
      worsening or recurring of preexisting tuberculous lesions or development of new 
      lesions despite successful antituberculous treatment. Hence, the condition might 
      be misdiagnosed as superimposed infections, treatment failure, or relapse of TB. 
      This pictorial essay reviewed diagnostic criteria and various thoracic 
      manifestations of the paradoxical form of TB-associated IRIS (TB-IRIS) that might 
      aid in early recognition of this clinical entity among HIV-negative patients. The 
      treatment and outcomes of TB-IRIS were also discussed.
FAU - Pornsuriyasak, Prapaporn
AU  - Pornsuriyasak P
AD  - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Faculty of 
      Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok. 
      pprapaporn@gmail.com.
FAU - Suwatanapongched, Thitiporn
AU  - Suwatanapongched T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Turkey
TA  - Diagn Interv Radiol
JT  - Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)
JID - 101241152
RN  - 0 (Antitubercular Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Diagnosis, Differential
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/*diagnosis/diagnostic 
      imaging/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Thorax/*diagnostic imaging/pathology
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/*drug therapy/*immunology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4463319
EDAT- 2015/02/24 06:00
MHDA- 2016/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2015/03/01
CRDT- 2015/02/21 06:00
PHST- 2015/02/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/03/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - dir-21-2-134 [pii]
AID - 10.5152/dir.2014.14212 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diagn Interv Radiol. 2015 Mar-Apr;21(2):134-9. doi: 10.5152/dir.2014.14212.