PMID- 25699174
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150220
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 2047-1440 (Print)
IS  - 2047-1440 (Electronic)
IS  - 2047-1440 (Linking)
VI  - 4
DP  - 2015
TI  - Skin cancer in solid organ transplant recipients: are mTOR inhibitors a game 
      changer?
PG  - 1
LID - 10.1186/s13737-014-0022-4 [doi]
LID - 1
AB  - While immunosuppressive agents are necessary to prevent the rejection of 
      transplanted organs, and are a great medical success story for protecting against 
      early allograft loss, graft and patient survival over the long term are 
      diminished by side effects from these same drugs. One striking long-term side 
      effect is a high rate of skin cancer development. The skin cancers that develop 
      in transplant recipients tend to be numerous, as well as particularly aggressive, 
      and are therefore a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in transplant 
      recipients. An apparent reason for the high incidence of skin cancer likely 
      relates to suppression of immune surveillance mechanisms, but other more direct 
      effects of certain immunosuppressive drugs are also bound to contribute to 
      cancers of UV-exposed skin. However, over the past few years, evidence has 
      emerged to suggest that one class of immunosuppressants, mammalian target of 
      rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, could potentially inhibit skin tumour formation 
      through a number of mechanisms that are still being studied intensively today. 
      Therefore, in light of the high skin cancer incidence in transplant recipients, 
      it follows that clinical trials have been conducted to determine if mTOR 
      inhibitors can significantly reduce these post-transplant skin malignancies. 
      Here, the problem of post-transplant skin cancer will be briefly reviewed, along 
      with the possible mechanisms contributing to this problem, followed by an 
      overview of the relevant clinical trial results using mTOR inhibitors.
FAU - Geissler, Edward K
AU  - Geissler EK
AD  - Section of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital 
      Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg, 93053 Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150114
PL  - England
TA  - Transplant Res
JT  - Transplantation research
JID - 101597592
PMC - PMC4332735
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Calcineurin inhibitors
OT  - Organ transplantation
OT  - Post-transplant malignancy
OT  - Skin cancer
OT  - mTOR
EDAT- 2015/02/24 06:00
MHDA- 2015/02/24 06:01
PMCR- 2015/01/14
CRDT- 2015/02/21 06:00
PHST- 2014/11/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/12/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/02/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/02/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 22 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s13737-014-0022-4 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Transplant Res. 2015 Jan 14;4:1. doi: 10.1186/s13737-014-0022-4. eCollection 
      2015.