PMID- 25723719
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20151123
LR  - 20200306
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2015
TI  - Endocrine determinants of changes in insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion 
      during a weight cycle in healthy men.
PG  - e0117865
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0117865 [doi]
LID - e0117865
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Changes in insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin secretion occur with 
      perturbations in energy balance and glycemic load (GL) of the diet that may 
      precede the development of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Determinants 
      of changes in IS and insulin secretion with weight cycling in non-obese healthy 
      subjects remain unclear. METHODS: In a 6wk controlled 2-stage randomized dietary 
      intervention 32 healthy men (26+/-4y, BMI: 24+/-2kg/m2) followed 1wk of overfeeding 
      (OF), 3wks of caloric restriction (CR) containing either 50% or 65% carbohydrate 
      (CHO) and 2wks of refeeding (RF) with the same amount of CHO but either low or 
      high glycaemic index at +/-50% energy requirement. Measures of IS (basal: 
      HOMA-index, postprandial: Matsuda-ISI), insulin secretion (early: Stumvoll-index, 
      total: tAUC-insulin/tAUC-glucose) and potential endocrine determinants (ghrelin, 
      leptin, adiponectin, thyroid hormone levels, 24h-urinary catecholamine excretion) 
      were assessed. RESULTS: IS improved and insulin secretion decreased due to CR and 
      normalized upon RF. Weight loss-induced improvements in basal and postprandial IS 
      were associated with decreases in leptin and increases in ghrelin levels, 
      respectively (r = 0.36 and r = 0.62, p<0.05). Weight regain-induced decrease in 
      postprandial IS correlated with increases in adiponectin, fT3, TSH, GL of the 
      diet and a decrease in ghrelin levels (r-values between -0.40 and 0.83, p<0.05) 
      whereas increases in early and total insulin secretion were associated with a 
      decrease in leptin/adiponectin-ratio (r = -0.52 and r = -0.46, p<0.05) and a 
      decrease in fT4 (r = -0.38, p<0.05 for total insulin secretion only). After 
      controlling for GL associations between RF-induced decrease in postprandial IS 
      and increases in fT3 and TSH levels were no longer significant. CONCLUSION: 
      Weight cycling induced changes in IS and insulin secretion were associated with 
      changes in all measured hormones, except for catecholamine excretion. While 
      leptin, adiponectin and ghrelin seem to be the major endocrine determinants of 
      IS, leptin/adiponectin-ratio and fT4 levels may impact changes in insulin 
      secretion with weight cycling. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov 
      NCT01737034.
FAU - Karschin, Judith
AU  - Karschin J
AD  - Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
FAU - Lagerpusch, Merit
AU  - Lagerpusch M
AD  - Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, 
      Kiel, Germany.
FAU - Enderle, Janna
AU  - Enderle J
AD  - Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, 
      Kiel, Germany.
FAU - Eggeling, Ben
AU  - Eggeling B
AD  - Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, 
      Kiel, Germany.
FAU - Muller, Manfred J
AU  - Muller MJ
AD  - Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, 
      Kiel, Germany.
FAU - Bosy-Westphal, Anja
AU  - Bosy-Westphal A
AD  - Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; 
      Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, 
      Kiel, Germany.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01737034
PT  - Clinical Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150227
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Blood Glucose
MH  - Body Composition
MH  - *Body Weight
MH  - Diet
MH  - Fasting
MH  - Glucose Tolerance Test
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/*metabolism
MH  - *Insulin Resistance
MH  - Insulin Secretion
MH  - Male
MH  - Random Allocation
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4344201
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/02/28 06:00
MHDA- 2015/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2015/02/27
CRDT- 2015/02/28 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/02/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/02/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/02/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-24737 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0117865 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Feb 27;10(2):e0117865. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117865. 
      eCollection 2015.