PMID- 25727300
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160414
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 1469-8978 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-2917 (Print)
IS  - 0033-2917 (Linking)
VI  - 45
IP  - 11
DP  - 2015 Aug
TI  - Substance use in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis.
PG  - 2275-84
LID - 10.1017/S0033291715000227 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: A series of research reports has indicated that the use of substances 
      such as cannabis, alcohol and tobacco are higher in youth at clinical high risk 
      (CHR) of developing psychosis than in controls. Little is known about the 
      longitudinal trajectory of substance use, and findings on the relationship 
      between substance use and later transition to psychosis in CHR individuals are 
      mixed. METHOD: At baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-ups, 735 CHR and 278 
      control participants completed the Alcohol and Drug Use Scale and a cannabis use 
      questionnaire. The longitudinal trajectory of substance use was evaluated with 
      linear mixed models. RESULTS: CHR participants endorsed significantly higher 
      cannabis and tobacco use severity, and lower alcohol use severity, at baseline 
      and over a 1-year period compared with controls. CHR youth had higher lifetime 
      prevalence and frequency of cannabis, and were significantly younger upon first 
      use, and were more likely to use alone and during the day. Baseline substance use 
      did not differentiate participants who later transitioned to psychosis (n = 90) 
      from those who did not transition (n = 272). Controls had lower tobacco use than 
      CHR participants with a prodromal progression clinical outcome and lower cannabis 
      use than those with a psychotic clinical outcome at the 2-year assessment. 
      CONCLUSIONS: In CHR individuals cannabis and tobacco use is higher than in 
      controls and this pattern persists across 1 year. Evaluation of clinical outcome 
      may provide additional information on the longitudinal impact of substance use 
      that cannot be detected through evaluation of transition/non-transition to 
      psychosis alone.
FAU - Buchy, L
AU  - Buchy L
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,University of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta,Canada.
FAU - Cadenhead, K S
AU  - Cadenhead KS
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,UCSD,San Diego,CA,USA.
FAU - Cannon, T D
AU  - Cannon TD
AD  - Department of Psychology,Yale University,New Haven,CT,USA.
FAU - Cornblatt, B A
AU  - Cornblatt BA
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,Zucker Hillside Hospital,Long Island,NY,USA.
FAU - McGlashan, T H
AU  - McGlashan TH
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,Yale University,New Haven,CT,USA.
FAU - Perkins, D O
AU  - Perkins DO
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill,NC,USA.
FAU - Seidman, L J
AU  - Seidman LJ
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical 
      Center and Massachusetts General Hospital,Boston,MA,USA.
FAU - Tsuang, M T
AU  - Tsuang MT
AD  - Department of Psychology,Yale University,New Haven,CT,USA.
FAU - Walker, E F
AU  - Walker EF
AD  - Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry,Emory University,Atlanta,GA,USA.
FAU - Woods, S W
AU  - Woods SW
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,Yale University,New Haven,CT,USA.
FAU - Heinssen, R
AU  - Heinssen R
AD  - Schizophrenia Spectrum Research Program, Division of Adult Translational 
      Research,National Institute of Mental Health,Bethesda,MD,USA.
FAU - Bearden, C E
AU  - Bearden CE
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology,UCLA,Los 
      Angeles,CA,USA.
FAU - Mathalon, D
AU  - Mathalon D
AD  - Departments of Psychiatry,University of California,San Francisco,San 
      Francisco,CA,USA.
FAU - Addington, J
AU  - Addington J
AD  - Department of Psychiatry,University of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta,Canada.
LA  - eng
GR  - K24 MH76191/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH082004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH080272/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081988/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 MH066286/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH081988/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K24 MH076191/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH081902/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH08022/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01MH081984/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH082022/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081984/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH60720/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UO1 MH081857-05/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081902/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH060720/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081928/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH081857/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U01 MH082004/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20150302
PL  - England
TA  - Psychol Med
JT  - Psychological medicine
JID - 1254142
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Cannabis
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Linear Models
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - *Prodromal Symptoms
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Psychotic Disorders/*diagnosis
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*classification/*epidemiology
MH  - Nicotiana
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC8182984
MID - NIHMS1697772
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alcohol
OT  - cannabis
OT  - prodrome
OT  - substance use
OT  - tobacco
EDAT- 2015/03/03 06:00
MHDA- 2016/04/15 06:00
PMCR- 2021/06/07
CRDT- 2015/03/03 06:00
PHST- 2015/03/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/04/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/06/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0033291715000227 [pii]
AID - 10.1017/S0033291715000227 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychol Med. 2015 Aug;45(11):2275-84. doi: 10.1017/S0033291715000227. Epub 2015 
      Mar 2.