PMID- 25760986
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160115
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1791-3004 (Electronic)
IS  - 1791-2997 (Print)
IS  - 1791-2997 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 1
DP  - 2015 Jul
TI  - Effects of pinacidil on changes to the microenvironment around the incision site, 
      of a skin/muscle incision and retraction, in a rat model of postoperative pain.
PG  - 829-36
LID - 10.3892/mmr.2015.3465 [doi]
AB  - The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the 
      microenvironment around an incision site, on peripheral and central 
      sensitization. The effects of pinacidil activation of ATP-sensitive potassium 
      (KATP) channels prior to skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) surgery were 
      assessed. A total of 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four 
      groups: Control, sham (incision operation), SMIR (incision plus retraction 1 h 
      after the skin/muscle incision) and pinacidil (SMIR plus pinacidil). The rats in 
      the pinacidil group were intraperitoneally injected with pinacidil prior to the 
      SMIR procedure. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) was determined at each 
      time point. The microvessel density (MVD) value was determined by 
      immunohistochemistry, and western blotting was performed to analyze the relative 
      protein expression levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), glucose transporter 
      protein-1 (GLUT1) and C-jun N-terminal kinases. There was a significant reduction 
      in the levels of MVD, GLUT1 and MWT following SMIR surgery as compared with the 
      incision alone, and a significant increase in the NGF protein expression levels. 
      In the SMIR group, the MVD value was significantly increased seven days after 
      surgery, as compared with three days after surgery. Additionally, intraperitoneal 
      administration of pinacidil prior to the SMIR surgery inhibited the SMIR‑induced 
      reduction in MWT and MVD and attenuated the SMIR‑induced GLUT1 reduction. The 
      results of the present study suggest that the microenvironment around an incision 
      site may affect the development of peripheral and central sensitization. In 
      addition, pinacidil had an inhibitory effect on the formation of the inflammatory 
      microenvironment around the incision site through activation of KATP channels, 
      thereby inhibiting peripheral and central sensitization.
FAU - Cao, Su
AU  - Cao S
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 
      Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.
FAU - Qin, Yinbin
AU  - Qin Y
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 
      Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.
FAU - Chen, Junjie
AU  - Chen J
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 
      Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.
FAU - Shen, Shiren
AU  - Shen S
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 
      Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150310
PL  - Greece
TA  - Mol Med Rep
JT  - Molecular medicine reports
JID - 101475259
RN  - 0 (Glucose Transporter Type 1)
RN  - 0 (KATP Channels)
RN  - 0 (Slc2a1 protein, rat)
RN  - 7B0ZZH8P2W (Pinacidil)
RN  - 9061-61-4 (Nerve Growth Factor)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.24 (JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cellular Microenvironment/*genetics
MH  - Dermatologic Surgical Procedures
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Gene Expression/drug effects
MH  - Glucose Transporter Type 1/biosynthesis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*drug therapy/genetics/surgery
MH  - JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/biosynthesis
MH  - KATP Channels/biosynthesis
MH  - Male
MH  - Microvessels/*growth & development/metabolism
MH  - Nerve Growth Factor/biosynthesis
MH  - Pain, Postoperative/*drug therapy/genetics/pathology
MH  - Pinacidil/*administration & dosage
MH  - Rats
PMC - PMC4438946
EDAT- 2015/03/12 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/16 06:00
PMCR- 2015/03/10
CRDT- 2015/03/12 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/07/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/03/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mmr-12-01-0829 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/mmr.2015.3465 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Med Rep. 2015 Jul;12(1):829-36. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3465. Epub 2015 Mar 10.