PMID- 25765969
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160212
LR  - 20150929
IS  - 1551-3793 (Electronic)
IS  - 1551-3777 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 4
DP  - 2015 Oct
TI  - A review of the global pesticide legislation and the scale of challenge in 
      reaching the global harmonization of food safety standards.
PG  - 525-36
LID - 10.1002/ieam.1635 [doi]
AB  - Pesticide use is important in agriculture to protect crops and improve 
      productivity. However, pesticides have the potential to cause adverse human 
      health or environmental effects, depending on exposure levels. This review 
      examines existing pesticide legislation worldwide, focusing on the level of 
      harmonization and impacts of differing legislation on food safety and trade. 
      Pesticide legislation varies greatly worldwide, because countries have different 
      requirements, guidelines, and legal limits for plant protection. Developed 
      nations have more stringent regulations than developing countries, which lack the 
      resources and expertise to adequately implement and enforce legislation. Global 
      differences in pesticide legislation act as a technical barrier to trade. 
      International parties such as the European Union (EU), Codex Alimentarius 
      Commission (Codex), and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) have 
      attempted to harmonize pesticide legislation by providing maximum residue limits 
      (MRLs), but globally these limits remain variable. Globally harmonized pesticide 
      standards would serve to increase productivity, profits, and trade and also 
      enhance the ability to protect public health and the environment.
CI  - (c) 2015 SETAC.
FAU - Handford, Caroline E
AU  - Handford CE
AD  - Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's 
      University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
FAU - Elliott, Christopher T
AU  - Elliott CT
AD  - Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's 
      University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
FAU - Campbell, Katrina
AU  - Campbell K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150430
PL  - United States
TA  - Integr Environ Assess Manag
JT  - Integrated environmental assessment and management
JID - 101234521
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Exposure/legislation & jurisprudence/standards
MH  - *Environmental Policy
MH  - Food Contamination/*legislation & jurisprudence
MH  - *Food Safety
MH  - International Cooperation
MH  - Legislation, Food/*standards
MH  - Pesticides/*standards
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Food safety
OT  - Global harmonization
OT  - Legislation
OT  - Maximum residue limits
OT  - Pesticides
EDAT- 2015/03/15 06:00
MHDA- 2016/02/13 06:00
CRDT- 2015/03/14 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2015/02/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/03/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/02/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/ieam.1635 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2015 Oct;11(4):525-36. doi: 10.1002/ieam.1635. Epub 
      2015 Apr 30.