PMID- 25775356
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160118
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015
TI  - Zinc prevents sickness behavior induced by lipopolysaccharides after a stress 
      challenge in rats.
PG  - e0120263
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120263 [doi]
LID - e0120263
AB  - Sickness behavior is considered part of the specific beneficial adaptive 
      behavioral and neuroimmune changes that occur in individuals in response to 
      infectious/inflammatory processes. However, in dangerous and stressful 
      situations, sickness behavior should be momentarily abrogated to prioritize 
      survival behaviors, such as fight or flight. Taking this assumption into account, 
      we experimentally induced sickness behavior in rats using lipopolysaccharides 
      (LPS), an endotoxin that mimics infection by gram-negative bacteria, and then 
      exposed these rats to a restraint stress challenge. Zinc has been shown to play a 
      regulatory role in the immune and nervous systems. Therefore, the objective of 
      this study was to examine the effects of zinc treatment on the sickness response 
      of stress-challenged rats. We evaluated 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations, 
      open-field behavior, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), corticosterone, and 
      brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plasma levels. LPS administration 
      induced sickness behavior in rats compared to controls, i.e., decreases in the 
      distance traveled, average velocity, rearing frequency, self-grooming, and number 
      of vocalizations, as well as an increase in the plasma levels of TNF-alpha, compared 
      with controls after a stressor challenge. LPS also decreased BDNF expression but 
      did not influence anxiety parameters. Zinc treatment was able to prevent sickness 
      behavior in LPS-exposed rats after the stress challenge, restoring 
      exploratory/motor behaviors, communication, and TNF-alpha levels similar to those of 
      the control group. Thus, zinc treatment appears to be beneficial for sick animals 
      when they are facing risky/stressful situations.
FAU - Kirsten, Thiago B
AU  - Kirsten TB
AD  - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 
      Sao Paulo, Brazil; Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, 
      Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Galvao, Marcella C
AU  - Galvao MC
AD  - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 
      Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Reis-Silva, Thiago M
AU  - Reis-Silva TM
AD  - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 
      Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Queiroz-Hazarbassanov, Nicolle
AU  - Queiroz-Hazarbassanov N
AD  - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, 
      Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Bernardi, Maria M
AU  - Bernardi MM
AD  - Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150316
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
RN  - W980KJ009P (Corticosterone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacterial Infections/physiopathology
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/blood
MH  - Corticosterone/blood
MH  - Illness Behavior/*drug effects
MH  - Locomotion/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - *Stress, Physiological
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
MH  - Zinc/*pharmacology
PMC - PMC4361539
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2015/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/19 06:00
PMCR- 2015/03/16
CRDT- 2015/03/17 06:00
PHST- 2014/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/03/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-45220 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120263 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Mar 16;10(3):e0120263. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120263. 
      eCollection 2015.