PMID- 25775462
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160118
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 3
DP  - 2015
TI  - Circadian rhythm genes CLOCK and PER3 polymorphisms and morning gastric motility 
      in humans.
PG  - e0120009
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120009 [doi]
LID - e0120009
AB  - BACKGROUND: Clock genes regulate circadian rhythm and are involved in various 
      physiological processes, including digestion. We therefore investigated the 
      association between the CLOCK 3111T/C single nucleotide polymorphism and the 
      Period3 (PER3) variable-number tandem-repeat polymorphism (either 4 or 5 repeats 
      54 nt in length) with morning gastric motility. METHODS: Lifestyle questionnaires 
      and anthropometric measurements were performed with 173 female volunteers (mean 
      age, 19.4 years). Gastric motility, evaluated by electrogastrography (EGG), blood 
      pressure, and heart rate levels were measured at 8:30 a.m. after an overnight 
      fast. For gastric motility, the spectral powers (% normal power) and dominant 
      frequency (DF, peak of the power spectrum) of the EGG were evaluated. The CLOCK 
      and PER3 polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
      restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: Subjects with the 
      CLOCK C allele (T/C or C/C genotypes: n = 59) showed a significantly lower DF 
      (mean, 2.56 cpm) than those with the T/T genotype (n = 114, 2.81 cpm, P < 0.05). 
      Subjects with the longer PER3 allele (PER34/5 or PER35/5 genotypes: n = 65) also 
      showed a significantly lower DF (2.55 cpm) than those with the shorter PER34/4 
      genotype (n = 108, 2.83 cpm, P < 0.05). Furthermore, subjects with both the T/C 
      or C/C and PER34/5 or PER35/5 genotypes showed a significantly lower DF (2.43 
      cpm, P < 0.05) than subjects with other combinations of the alleles (T/T and 
      PER34/4 genotype, T/C or C/C and PER34/4 genotypes, and T/T and PER34/5 or 
      PER35/5 genotypes). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that minor polymorphisms 
      of the circadian rhythm genes CLOCK and PER3 may be associated with poor morning 
      gastric motility, and may have a combinatorial effect. The present findings may 
      offer a new viewpoint on the role of circadian rhythm genes on the peripheral 
      circadian systems, including the time-keeping function of the gut.
FAU - Yamaguchi, Mitsue
AU  - Yamaguchi M
AD  - Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 
      Japan.
FAU - Kotani, Kazuhiko
AU  - Kotani K
AD  - Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 
      Shimotsuke-Tochigi, Japan; Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research 
      Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, National Hospital Organization, 
      Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.
FAU - Tsuzaki, Kokoro
AU  - Tsuzaki K
AD  - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and 
      Metabolic Disease, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, 
      Japan.
FAU - Takagi, Ayaka
AU  - Takagi A
AD  - Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 
      Japan.
FAU - Motokubota, Naoko
AU  - Motokubota N
AD  - Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 
      Japan.
FAU - Komai, Naho
AU  - Komai N
AD  - Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 
      Japan.
FAU - Sakane, Naoki
AU  - Sakane N
AD  - Division of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and 
      Metabolic Disease, National Hospital Organization, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, 
      Japan.
FAU - Moritani, Toshio
AU  - Moritani T
AD  - Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Graduate School of Human and Environmental 
      Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
FAU - Nagai, Narumi
AU  - Nagai N
AD  - Graduate School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, 
      Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150316
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (PER3 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Period Circadian Proteins)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.48 (CLOCK Proteins)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.48 (CLOCK protein, human)
SB  - IM
MH  - Activity Cycles
MH  - CLOCK Proteins/*genetics
MH  - Female
MH  - Gastrointestinal Motility/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Period Circadian Proteins/*genetics
MH  - *Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4388463
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing exist.
EDAT- 2015/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2016/01/19 06:00
PMCR- 2015/03/16
CRDT- 2015/03/17 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/01/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/03/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/01/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/03/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-14-42828 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120009 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2015 Mar 16;10(3):e0120009. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120009. 
      eCollection 2015.