PMID- 25790002 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20151207 LR - 20200306 IS - 1932-6203 (Electronic) IS - 1932-6203 (Linking) VI - 10 IP - 3 DP - 2015 TI - Default mode network connectivity as a function of familial and environmental risk for psychotic disorder. PG - e0120030 LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120030 [doi] LID - e0120030 AB - BACKGROUND: Research suggests that altered interregional connectivity in specific networks, such as the default mode network (DMN), is associated with cognitive and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. In addition, frontal and limbic connectivity alterations have been associated with trauma, drug use and urban upbringing, though these environmental exposures have never been examined in relation to DMN functional connectivity in psychotic disorder. METHODS: Resting-state functional MRI scans were obtained from 73 patients with psychotic disorder, 83 non-psychotic siblings of patients with psychotic disorder and 72 healthy controls. Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed-based correlation analysis was used to estimate functional connectivity within the DMN. DMN functional connectivity was examined in relation to group (familial risk), group x environmental exposure (to cannabis, developmental trauma and urbanicity) and symptomatology. RESULTS: There was a significant association between group and PCC connectivity with the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the precuneus (PCu) and the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Compared to controls, patients and siblings had increased PCC connectivity with the IPL, PCu and MPFC. In the IPL and PCu, the functional connectivity of siblings was intermediate to that of controls and patients. No significant associations were found between DMN connectivity and (subclinical) psychotic/cognitive symptoms. In addition, there were no significant interactions between group and environmental exposures in the model of PCC functional connectivity. DISCUSSION: Increased functional connectivity in individuals with (increased risk for) psychotic disorder may reflect trait-related network alterations. The within-network "connectivity at rest" intermediate phenotype was not associated with (subclinical) psychotic or cognitive symptoms. The association between familial risk and DMN connectivity was not conditional on environmental exposure. FAU - Peeters, Sanne C T AU - Peeters SC AD - Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - van de Ven, Vincent AU - van de Ven V AD - Dept. of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Gronenschild, Ed H B M AU - Gronenschild EH AD - Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Patel, Ameera X AU - Patel AX AD - Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. FAU - Habets, Petra AU - Habets P AD - Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - Goebel, Rainer AU - Goebel R AD - Dept. of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. FAU - van Os, Jim AU - van Os J AD - Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands; King's College London, King's Health Partners, Department of Psychosis Studies Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom. FAU - Marcelis, Machteld AU - Marcelis M AD - Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands. CN - Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (G.R.O.U.P.) LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20150319 PL - United States TA - PLoS One JT - PloS one JID - 101285081 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Female MH - Gyrus Cinguli/*physiopathology MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - Neural Pathways/*physiopathology MH - Psychotic Disorders/*physiopathology MH - Risk MH - Schizophrenia/diagnosis/physiopathology MH - Siblings PMC - PMC4366233 COIS- Competing Interests: The authors of this manuscript have read the journal's policy and have the following competing interests: Jim van Os is or has been an unrestricted research grant holder with, or has received financial compensation as an independent symposium speaker from, Eli Lilly, BMS, Lundbeck, Organon, Janssen-Cilag, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Servier. Machteld Marcelis has received financial compensation as an independent symposium speaker from Eli Lilly and Janssen-Cilag. This does not alter their adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. FIR - Kahn, Rene IR - Kahn R FIR - Linszen, Don IR - Linszen D FIR - van Os, Jim IR - van Os J FIR - Wiersma, Durk IR - Wiersma D FIR - Bruggeman, Richard IR - Bruggeman R FIR - Cahn, Wiepke IR - Cahn W FIR - de Haan, Lieuwe IR - de Haan L FIR - Krabbendam, Lydia IR - Krabbendam L FIR - Myin-Germeys, Inez IR - Myin-Germeys I EDAT- 2015/03/20 06:00 MHDA- 2015/12/15 06:00 PMCR- 2015/03/19 CRDT- 2015/03/20 06:00 PHST- 2014/07/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2015/01/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2015/03/20 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2015/03/20 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2015/12/15 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - PONE-D-14-31476 [pii] AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0120030 [doi] PST - epublish SO - PLoS One. 2015 Mar 19;10(3):e0120030. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120030. eCollection 2015.