PMID- 25810485
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160307
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 1522-1598 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3077 (Print)
IS  - 0022-3077 (Linking)
VI  - 113
IP  - 9
DP  - 2015 May 1
TI  - Difference in perceptual and oculomotor responses revealed by apparent motion 
      stimuli presented with an interstimulus interval.
PG  - 3219-28
LID - 10.1152/jn.00647.2014 [doi]
AB  - To understand the mechanisms underlying visual motion analyses for perceptual and 
      oculomotor responses and their similarities/differences, we analyzed eye movement 
      responses to two-frame animations of dual-grating 3f5f stimuli while subjects 
      performed direction discrimination tasks. The 3f5f stimulus was composed of two 
      sinusoids with a spatial frequency ratio of 3:5 (3f and 5f), creating a pattern 
      with fundamental frequency f. When this stimulus was shifted by 1/4 of the 
      wavelength, the two components shifted 1/4 of their wavelengths and had opposite 
      directions: the 5f forward and the 3f backward. By presenting the 3f5f stimulus 
      with various interstimulus intervals (ISIs), two visual-motion-analysis 
      mechanisms, low-level energy-based and high-level feature-based, could be 
      effectively distinguished. This is because response direction depends on the 
      relative contrast between the components when the energy-based mechanism 
      operates, but not when the feature-based mechanism works. We found that when the 
      3f5f stimuli were presented with shorter ISIs (<100 ms), and 3f component had 
      higher contrast, both perceptual and ocular responses were in the direction of 
      the pattern shift, whereas the responses were reversed when the 5f had higher 
      contrast, suggesting operation of the energy-based mechanism. On the other hand, 
      the ocular responses were almost negligible with longer ISIs (>100 ms), whereas 
      perceived directions were biased toward the direction of pattern shift. These 
      results suggest that the energy-based mechanism is dominant in oculomotor 
      responses throughout ISIs; however, there is a transition from energy-based to 
      feature-tracking mechanisms when we perceive visual motion.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2015 the American Physiological Society.
FAU - Nohara, Shizuka
AU  - Nohara S
AD  - Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 
      University, Kyoto, Japan; and Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 
      Japan.
FAU - Kawano, Kenji
AU  - Kawano K
AD  - Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 
      University, Kyoto, Japan; and.
FAU - Miura, Kenichiro
AU  - Miura K
AD  - Department of Integrative Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 
      University, Kyoto, Japan; and kmiura@brain.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20150325
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neurophysiol
JT  - Journal of neurophysiology
JID - 0375404
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Contrast Sensitivity/*physiology
MH  - Eye Movements/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Functional Laterality
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Motion
MH  - Motion Perception/*physiology
MH  - Pattern Recognition, Visual/*physiology
MH  - Photic Stimulation
MH  - Psychophysics
MH  - Reaction Time/physiology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4432678
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - eye movement
OT  - illusion
OT  - interstimulus interval
OT  - perception
OT  - visual motion analysis
EDAT- 2015/03/27 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/08 06:00
PMCR- 2016/05/01
CRDT- 2015/03/27 06:00
PHST- 2014/08/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/03/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2015/03/27 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/03/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jn.00647.2014 [pii]
AID - JN-00647-2014 [pii]
AID - 10.1152/jn.00647.2014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neurophysiol. 2015 May 1;113(9):3219-28. doi: 10.1152/jn.00647.2014. Epub 2015 
      Mar 25.